Selection on pollen and pistil traits during pollen competition is affected by both sexual conflict and mixed mating in a self‐compatible herb

Lankinen, Åsa; Smith, Henrik G.; Andersson, Stefan; Madjidian, Josefin A.

doi:10.3732/ajb.1500148

Cited by 29 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…We cannot reject the possibility that pollen from SC individuals was more competitive than pollen from selfincompatible (SI) individuals, but such a possibility would run counter both to findings in most other studies (Brandvain and Haig 2005;Mazer et al 2010;Austerlitz et al 2012;Rebernig et al 2015), as well as to the expectation that pollen from selfers should be less competitive than pollen from outcrossers (Mazer et al 2010). For instance, Lankinen et al (2015) recently found that individuals of Collinsia heterophylla were more successful sires when their pollen was in competition with self-vs. outcross pollen, and Sorin et al (2016) found the same siring success for self-and outcrossed pollen applied together experimentally to stigmas. Nevertheless, it is still possible that purging of deleterious mutations has improved the quality of SC pollen (Mazer et al 2010).…”

Section: Sc Plantsmentioning

confidence: 66%

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Rapid loss of self‐incompatibility in experimental populations of the perennial outcrossing plantLinaria cavanillesii

2019

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Transitions from self‐incompatibility to self‐compatibility in angiosperms may be frequently driven by selection for reproductive assurance when mates or pollinators are rare, and are often succeeded by loss of inbreeding depression by purging. Here, we use experimental evolution to investigate the spread of self‐compatibility from one such population of the perennial plant Linaria cavanillesii into self‐incompatible (SI) populations that still have high inbreeding depression. We introduced self‐compatible (SC) individuals at different frequencies into replicate experimental populations of L. cavanillesii that varied in access to pollinators. Our experiment revealed a rapid shift to self‐compatibility in all replicates, driven by both greater seed set and greater outcross siring success of SC individuals. We discuss our results in the light of computer simulations that confirm the tendency of self‐compatibility to spread into SI populations under the observed conditions. Our study illustrates the ease with which self‐compatibility can spread among populations, a requisite for species‐wide transitions from self‐incompatibility to self‐compatibility.

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Section: Sc Plantsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…For instance, Lankinen et al. () recently found that individuals of Collinsia heterophylla were more successful sires when their pollen was in competition with self‐ vs. outcross pollen, and Sorin et al. () found the same siring success for self‐ and outcrossed pollen applied together experimentally to stigmas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid loss of self‐incompatibility in experimental populations of the perennial outcrossing plantLinaria cavanillesii

2019

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“…Compared to single‐donor pollination, great variation in siring success was observed under the 2MP pollination in these two studies (see also Lankinen et al. ), suggesting that the interference of pollen performance occurs between pollen from different morphs or a pleiotropic effect of color morphs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…In a recent study of Nigella degenii, Jorgensen et al (2006) found that dark pollen had an overall reproductive advantage in the single-donor pollination treatments but the proportion of progeny that produced dark or light pollen varied greatly among families under 2MP pollination (Jorgensen et al 2006). Compared to single-donor pollination, great variation in siring success was observed under the 2MP pollination in these two studies (see also Lankinen et al 2015), suggesting that the interference of pollen performance occurs between pollen from different morphs or a pleiotropic effect of color morphs.…”

Section: Pollen Performancementioning

confidence: 93%

Pollen competition between morphs in a pollen-color dimorphic herb and the loss of phenotypic polymorphism within populations

et al. 2018

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Flower color polymorphism is relatively uncommon in natural flowering plants, suggesting that maintenance of different color morphs within populations is difficult. To address the selective mechanisms shaping pollen-color dimorphism, pollinator preferences and reproductive performance were studied over three years in Epimedium pubescens in which some populations had plants with either green or yellow pollen (and anthers). Visitation rate and pollen removal and receipt by the bee pollinator (Andrena emeishanica) did not differ between the two color morphs. Compared to the green morph, siring success of the yellow morph's pollen was lower, but that of mixtures of pollen from green and yellow morphs was lowest. This difference, corresponding to in vivo and ex vivo experiments on pollen performance, indicated that pollen germination, rather than tube growth, of the green morph was higher than that of the yellow morph and was seriously constrained in both morphs if a pollen competitor was present. A rare green morph may invade a yellow-morph population, but the coexistence of pollen color variants is complicated by the reduced siring success of mixed pollinations. Potential pollen competition between morphs may have discouraged the maintenance of multiple phenotypes within populations, a cryptic mechanism of competitive exclusion.

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“…In our study species the mixed mating Collinsia heterophylla , we have identified a sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity (Lankinen and Kiboi , Hersh et al ). Delaying stigma receptivity is beneficial for the maternal reproductive function as it can enhance pollen competition by allowing more pollen to be collected on the stigmatic surface and providing a fair start in the race towards the ovules (Galen et al ), leading to increased number of seeds per capsule (Lankinen and Madjidian , Lankinen et al ). However, early arriving pollen that can germinate and grow in a partially receptive pistil will secure paternity but cause reductions in the number of seeds per capsule and seed biomass, which is independent on number of competing pollen donors in the early pollen load (Lankinen and Kiboi , Madjidian et al ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of soil resources on expression of a sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity in a mixed‐mating plant

Lankinen

Hydbom

2016

Oikos

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While environmental factors strongly influence plant growth and reproduction, less is known about environmental effects on sexual selection and sexual conflict. In this study on mixed‐mating Collinsia heterophylla we investigated whether soil resource environment affected traits associated with sexual conflict. In C. heterophylla a sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity occurs. Early stigma receptivity benefits pollen parents by securing paternity while late stigma receptivity benefits female fitness in terms of increased seed production. We performed hand‐pollinations combining recipients and donors grown either in high or low resource environments and asked whether these treatments influenced sexual conflict traits – recipient‐ and donor‐based influence on timing of stigma receptivity – and conflict costs related to reduced early seed production. We also asked whether resource environment affected eight traits related to general fitness and mating system. Sexual conflict‐associated traits – timing of stigma receptivity and seed production – were generally unaffected by resource environment. While no universal effect of resources was detected, we did observe donor‐specific responses to environment, suggesting that environment can nonetheless contribute to variation in timing of stigma receptivity. Recipients grown under low resources showed pronounced differences among donors for number of seeds per capsule, indicating that recipients favour some donors over others under resource‐low conditions. Moreover, high resources increased number of flowers but reduced pollen germination rate, while other traits were unaffected, indicating variation in the response to resource environment for fitness‐ and mating system‐traits. Our results suggest that even though soil resource environment had a low impact on the sexual conflict traits and related costs in C. heterophylla, it generated variability in pollen donor‐influence on this trait and in recipient sorting among donors. Thus, it is possible that both sexual conflict and sexual selection is affected by environmental factors not only in animals but also in plants.

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Selection on pollen and pistil traits during pollen competition is affected by both sexual conflict and mixed mating in a self‐compatible herb

Abstract: Selection on pollen and pistil traits in C. heterophylla is affected by both sexual conflict and mixed mating, suggesting the importance of jointly considering these factors in plant evolution.

Cited by 29 publications

References 98 publications

Rapid loss of self‐incompatibility in experimental populations of the perennial outcrossing plantLinaria cavanillesii

Rapid loss of self‐incompatibility in experimental populations of the perennial outcrossing plantLinaria cavanillesii

Pollen competition between morphs in a pollen-color dimorphic herb and the loss of phenotypic polymorphism within populations

Effects of soil resources on expression of a sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity in a mixed‐mating plant

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