Selection of the most suitable sampling time for static chambers for the estimation of daily mean N2O flux from soils

Alves, Bruno José Rodrigues; Smith, K. A.; Flores, Rilner Alves; Cardoso, Abmael da Silva; Oliveira, William R.D.; Jantalia, Cláudia Pozzi; Urquiaga, Segundo; Boddey, Robert M.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.11.022

Cited by 199 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…7d). This indicates that N 2 O and CO 2 fluxes closely followed diel temperature patterns, a similar finding to Smith et al (1998) and Alves et al, (2012) in agricultural soils in the UK and Brazil. In both cases, covariation of soil microbial activity with soil temperature is the most parsimonious explanation, although diel patterns of root activity cannot be ruled out for CO 2 (Savage et al, 2013).…”

Section: Diel Trends In Ghg Fluxessupporting

confidence: 70%

High temporal frequency measurements of greenhouse gas emissions from soils

2014

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Abstract. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) are the most important anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs). Variation in soil moisture can be very dynamic, and it is one of the dominant factors controlling the net exchange of these three GHGs. Although technologies for high-frequency, precise measurements of CO 2 have been available for years, methods for measuring soil fluxes of CH 4 and N 2 O at high temporal frequency have been hampered by lack of appropriate technology for in situ real-time measurements. A previously developed automated chamber system for measuring CO 2 flux from soils was configured to run in line with a new quantum cascade laser (QCLAS) instrument that measures N 2 O and CH 4 . Here we present data from a forested wetland in Maine and an agricultural field in North Dakota, which provided examples of both net uptake and production for N 2 O and CH 4 . The objective was to provide a range of conditions in which to run the new system and to compare results to a traditional manual static-chamber method.The high-precision and more-than-10-times-lower minimum detectable flux of the QCLAS system, compared to the manual system, provided confidence in measurements of small N 2 O uptake in the forested wetland. At the agricultural field, the greatest difference between the automated and manual sampling systems came from the effect of the relatively infrequent manual sampling of the high spatial variation, or "hot spots", in GHG fluxes. Hot spots greatly influenced the seasonal estimates, particularly for N 2 O, over one 74-day alfalfa crop cycle. The high temporal frequency of the automated system clearly characterized the transient response of all three GHGs to precipitation and demonstrated a clear diel pattern related to temperature for GHGs. A combination of high-frequency automated and spatially distributed chambers would be ideal for characterizing hot spots and "hot moments" of GHG fluxes.

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Section: Diel Trends In Ghg Fluxessupporting

confidence: 70%

High temporal frequency measurements of greenhouse gas emissions from soils

2014

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“…Fluxes were measured weekly, in three to six consecutive DAS and N fertilization events. Gas samples were taken between 9:00 and 11:00 a.m., as recommended by Alves et al (2012). Gases accumulated in the static chamber in 30 min were collected using a manual vacuum pump.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen availability, water-filled pore space, and N2O-N fluxes after biochar application and nitrogen fertilization

Carvalho

Madari

Bastiaans

et al. 2016

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to investigate the impact of the application of wood biochar, combined with N fertilizations, on N 2 O-N fluxes, nitrogen availability, and water-filled pore space (WFPS) of a clayey Oxisol under rice (wet season) and common bean (dry season) succession. Manual static chambers were used to quantify N 2 O-N fluxes from soil immediately after a single application of wood biochar (32 Mg ha Index terms: cropping systems, gas fluxes, greenhouse gases, nitrate and ammonium, soil amendment, soil porosity.Disponibilidade de nitrogênio, espaço poroso preenchido por água e fluxos de N 2 O-N após aplicação de biochar e fertilização nitrogenada Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o impacto da aplicação de biochar de madeira, combinada com fertilizações nitrogenadas, nos fluxos de N 2 O-N, na disponibilidade de nitrogênio e no espaço poroso preenchido por água (EPPA), em um Latossolo argiloso sob sucessão com arroz (época chuvosa) e feijão (época seca). Câmaras estáticas manuais foram utilizadas para quantificar os fluxos de N 2 O-N no solo logo após uma única aplicação de biochar (32 Mg ha Termos para indexação: sistemas de cultivo, fluxo de gases, gases de efeito estufa, nitrato e amônio, condicionador de solo, porosidade do solo.

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“…Gas samples were collected in the mornings (Alves et al, 2012) three times per week for the first 3 mo after fertilizer application. Subsequently, the sampling was done weekly or biweekly.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced-Efficiency Fertilizers in Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Urea Applied to Sugarcane

et al. 2015

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The environmental benefits of producing biofuels from sugarcane have been questioned due to greenhouse gas emissions during the biomass production stage, especially nitrous oxide (N 2 O) associated with nitrogen (N) fertilization. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of nitrification inhibitors (NIs) dicyandiamide (DCD) and 3,4 dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and a controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) to reduce N 2 O emissions from urea, applied at a rate of 120 kg ha -1 of N. Two field experiments in ratoon cycle sugarcane were performed in Brazil. The treatments were (i) no N (control), (ii) urea, (iii) urea+DCD, (iv) urea+DMPP, and (v) CRF. Measurements of N 2 O fluxes were performed using static chambers with four replications. The measurements were conducted three times per week during the first 3 mo and biweekly afterward for a total of 217 and 382 d in the first and second seasons, respectively. The cumulative N 2 O-N emissions in the first ratoon cycle were 1098 g ha -1 in the control treatment and 1924 g ha -1 with urea (0.7% of the total N applied). Addition of NIs to urea reduced N 2 O emissions by more than 90%, which did not differ from those of the plots without N. The CRF treatment showed N 2 O emissions no different from those of urea. The results were similar in the second ratoon: the treatment with urea showed N 2 O emissions of 0.75% of N applied N. Application of NIs resulted in a strong reduction in N 2 O emissions, but CRF increased emissions compared with urea. We therefore conclude that both NIs can be options for mitigation of greenhouse gas emission in sugarcane used for bioenergy.

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Selection of the most suitable sampling time for static chambers for the estimation of daily mean N2O flux from soils

Cited by 199 publications

References 26 publications

High temporal frequency measurements of greenhouse gas emissions from soils

High temporal frequency measurements of greenhouse gas emissions from soils

Nitrogen availability, water-filled pore space, and N2O-N fluxes after biochar application and nitrogen fertilization

Enhanced-Efficiency Fertilizers in Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Urea Applied to Sugarcane

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