Selection of promising fungal biological control agent of the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)

Niassy, Saliou; Maniania, Nguya K.; Subramanian, Sevgan; Gitonga, Lucy; Mburu, David M.; Masiga, Daniel K.; Ekesi, Sunday

doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.2012.03241.x

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Means within a column followed by the same lower case and within a row followed by the same upper case letters are not significantly different by Tukey's HSD multiple range test (P = 0. 05) (Dimbi et al 2003), thrips (Ekesi et al 1998;Niassy et al 2012), two-spotted spider mite (Bugeme et al 2009), red spider mite (Wekesa et al 2005), and leafminer (Migiro et al 2010). For example, M. anisopliae ICIPE 62, which was found to be virulent against the three species of aphids in the present study, was also reported to be virulent against Ceratitis rosa var.…”

Section: Screenhouse Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 48%

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Selection of fungal isolates for virulence against three aphid pest species of crucifers and okra

et al. 2016

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Aphids are regarded as important pest problems of vegetable crops worldwide. Most vegetable growers in sub-Saharan Africa heavily rely on synthetic chemical insecticides for aphids' control. Fungus-based biopesticides are being considered as alternatives to chemical insecticides. This study evaluates virulence of five isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and three of Beauveria bassiana against Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae, and Aphis gossypii, and their thermotolerance and conidial yield as a prerequisite for strain selection. The study also evaluates performance of the best isolate in screenhouse experiment against target aphid species. Three isolates of M. anisopliae ICIPE30, ICIPE62, and ICIPE69 outperformed the others, causing mortality of 85-98 %, 83-97 %, and 73-77 %, in B. brassicae, L. pseudobrassicae, and A. gossypii, respectively, 7 days post-inoculation. Isolate ICIPE62 had the shortest LT 50 values of 3.4, 2.5, and 2.6 days at 1 9 10 8 conidia ml -1 , and the lowest LC 50 values of 7.3 9 10 5 , 9.3 9 10 4 , and 3.0 9 10 4 conidia ml -1 on day 7 against A. gossypii, B. brassicae, and L. pseudobrassicae, respectively. Furthermore, ICIPE62 produced more conidia on the surface of aphid cadavers than ICIPE30 and ICIPE69 and showed wider thermotolerance with optimum ranges between 25 and 30°C. Application of conidia of ICIPE62 formulated in aqueous and emulsifiable formulations negatively affected aphid population growth rate on kale and okra plants compared to controls in screenhouse experiments. These results have demonstrated the potential of M. anisopliae isolate ICIPE62 in suppression of A. gossypii, B. brassicae, and L. pseudobrassicae populations and could therefore be considered as biopesticide candidate for the control of these target aphids. Key messages• Several isolates of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae were screened for selection of isolate(s) that are virulent against three aphid pests infesting vegetables in subSaharan Africa. • M. anisopliae isolate ICIPE62 outperformed the other isolates in terms of virulence against the three aphid pests conidial production and thermotolerance. • Aqueous and emulsifiable formulations of M. anisopliae ICIPE62 provided acceptable control of the three aphid species in the screenhouse.

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Section: Screenhouse Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…Sporulated cadavers were dried at 30 ± 2°C for 30 min and then individually transferred into 1 ml aliquots of 0.05 % Triton X-100 in tubes. The tubes were vortexed for 5 min to dislodge conidia and conidial concentration from each cadaver was determined using a hemocytometer (Niassy et al 2012). …”

Section: Conidia Production On Aphid Cadavermentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of fungal isolates for virulence against three aphid pest species of crucifers and okra

et al. 2016

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“…Cluster1 comprises fruit flies C. rosa and C. capitata , against which ICIPE 20 is most virulent, although other isolates have been reported to be pathogenic [28]. ICIPE20 also fits in Cluster2, which comprises L. huidobrensis , F. occidentalis , T. urticae , and M. sjostedti against which it has been reported to be pathogenic [29–32]. Cluster2 also accommodates ICIPE 69 which has been reported to be virulent against thrips [2, 29, 33] and is currently commercialised for the control of insect pests of horticulture in Africa [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ICIPE20 also fits in Cluster2, which comprises L. huidobrensis , F. occidentalis , T. urticae , and M. sjostedti against which it has been reported to be pathogenic [29–32]. Cluster2 also accommodates ICIPE 69 which has been reported to be virulent against thrips [2, 29, 33] and is currently commercialised for the control of insect pests of horticulture in Africa [32]. ICIPE7 which has been reported to be most virulent isolate against T. urticae [30] can also be considered in that cluster.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use ofMetarhizium anisopliaeChitinase Genes for Genotyping and Virulence Characterization

Niassy

Subramanian

Ekesi

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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Virulence is the primary factor used for selection of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) for development as biopesticides. To understand the genetic mechanisms underlying differences in virulence of fungal isolates on various arthropod pests, we compared the chitinase genes, chi2 and chi4, of 8 isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae. The clustering of the isolates showed various groups depending on their virulence. However, the analysis of their chitinase DNA sequences chi2 and chi4 did not reveal major divergences. Although their protein translates have been implicated in fungal virulence, the predicted protein structure of chi2 was identical for all isolates. Despite the critical role of chitin digestion in fungal infection, we conclude that chi2 and chi4 genes cannot serve as molecular markers to characterize observed variations in virulence among M. anisopliae isolates as previously suggested. Nevertheless, processes controlling the efficient upregulation of chitinase expression might be responsible for different virulence characteristics. Further studies using comparative “in vitro” chitin digestion techniques would be more appropriate to compare the quality and the quantity of chitinase production between fungal isolates.

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“…In agreement with this study, Jaronski (2010) found that conidial germination was adversely affected by and rapidly slowed in temperatures above 30 o C. Similarly, Dimbi et al (2003) (Fernandes et al, 2007).This necessitates the selection of isolates tolerant to the temperature range of the target ecosystem (Ferron et al, 1991) and appropriate formulation (Forgues et al, 1997) as a means to overcome the problem. Niassy et al (2012) were able to demonstrate that kairomone LUREM-TR used for thrips monitoring and autodissemination had detrimental effect on conidial viability of ICIPE 69. A similar condition might have occurred during these experiments too.…”

Section: Spore Pick-up By Beetlesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Field Level Auto-inoculation of Sorghum chafer, <I>Pachnoda interrupta</I> (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaedae) with <I>Metarhizium anisopliae</I> based Microbial Bio-control Agents using Locally Affordable Traps

Habtegebreiel¹,

Getu²,

Dawd³

et al. 2016

JBC

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Sorghum chafer, Pachnoda interrupta (Olivier), is the most serious pest of sorghum in Ethiopia destroying the entire fields at the milk stage and causing up to 100% yield loss. Current control methods entirely depend on direct spraying and baiting with insecticides which does not provide long lasting control. Efficient biological control agents such as entomopathogenic fungi that can control the pest in the breeding sites need to be developed. Traps equipped with auto-inoculation devices are important alternative methods to spread entomopathogens into insect pest populations. Field studies on fungal auto-inoculation trap development from locally available materials conducted over three feeding and two mating seasons of P. interrupta resulted in two efficient auto-inoculation traps (AIT1 and AIT2) baited with a five compounds blend lure which were not significantly different in catch performance with the standard Japanese beetle trap. Two selected virulent isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (PPRC51 and PPRC2) were tested for field efficacy using these two designs of locally affordable auto-inoculation traps loaded with 1gm of dry conidia. Using AIT1, PPRC51 and PPRC2 induced 41% and 40% field mortality respectively, on P. interrupta adults under high temperature and low relative humidity conditions, while highest field viability of the two isolates five days after application was 36 % and 40 % for PPRC51 and PPRC2, respectively. Based on the catch performance, field efficacy and viability data observed, the two AIT's are recommended for further development to be used with PPRC51 and PPRC2 for augmentation biological control in the pest's natural habitat as a component of integrated pest management against P. interrupta.

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Selection of promising fungal biological control agent of the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Selection of fungal isolates for virulence against three aphid pest species of crucifers and okra

Selection of fungal isolates for virulence against three aphid pest species of crucifers and okra

Use ofMetarhizium anisopliaeChitinase Genes for Genotyping and Virulence Characterization

Field Level Auto-inoculation of Sorghum chafer, <I>Pachnoda interrupta</I> (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaedae) with <I>Metarhizium anisopliae</I> based Microbial Bio-control Agents using Locally Affordable Traps

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