Selection of productive hybrid oil flax plants by methods of multivariate analysis

Abstract

Use of computer technology allows to quickly analyze and use subject, technological, analytical and other information. Biometric statistics in plant breeding is aimed at optimizing (increasing efficiency, reliability, acceleration and cheapening) the process of breeding varieties of agricultural crops. Therefore, creation and study of new varieties of oil flax requires widespread introduction of modern computer information technologies that provide information support of the breeding process at all its stages. Methods of multi-criteria mathematical statistics - factor and cluster analyses - were used in the studies for a comprehensive assessment of hybrid populations of oil flax by productivity elements (plant height, technical length, inflorescence length, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of seeds in a box, weight of 100 seeds, and oil content in seeds). Effectiveness of selection of hybrids of the third cycle of breeding has been evaluated, and also the distinctive features of hybrid combinations in a number of generations have been established. As a result of selection and technological cycle of the analysis, 31 highly productive hybrids (or 6.9%) were identified for further reproduction. Despite the high level of the breeding differential determined in hybrid combinations during the F2-F3 generation change, their response to traits based selection according to “number of seeds in a box” and “weight of 100 seeds” was weak, and selection by the number of boxes and seeds from the plant turned out to be ineffective. The selection method used makes it possible to cull low-yielding plants that have fallen into the worst groups of clusters. Culling by the method of multidimensional analysis should be used in later generations (fourth-fifth cycle of selection) as homozygosity of traits is established.

Influence of plant habitus traits on formation of seed productivity in flax

“…Scientific data on the correlations of flax productivity traits are few and have significant contradictions. Thus, according to the results of the correlation analysis, a positive relationship of medium strength was established between the height of the plant and the number of bolls (Maslinskaya et al, 2014;Suleimenova, 2019;Golub et al, 2021), which suggests that as the height of the plant increases, the number of bolls on it will also increase. At the same time, a path analysis revealed a weak or negative correlation between these characteristics, which is consistent with our data (Maslinskaya et al, 2014).…”

“…Similar conclusions were made by other scientists (Dogra et al, 2020). It has been proven that the number of bolls is one of the main traits by which elite plants are selected (Golub et al, 2021). Therefore, during the individual selection of plants, as well as when plots are lacking in terms of yield in the selection nursery of the first year, first of all, it is necessary to take into account the number of bolls on one plant (Maslinskaya et al, 2014).…”

“…This is a complex trait with a genetically polygenic basis, the level of which depends on the contribution of many elements. However, the leading trait in the formation of high seed productivity is the number of bolls per plant (Andronik & Ivanova, 2017;Golub et al, 2021).…”

Identification of resistance genes to Fusarium wilt in oil flax samples with different fatty acid composition

“…Основной причиной является высокая ценность льносемян, которые во всем мире все шире используются для пищевых и фармацевтических целей, что обусловлено уникальностью их биохимического состава, куда входят незаменимые аминокислоты омега 3 и омега 6, лигнаны, высококачественный белок, полисахариды, витамины и микроэлементы [1,2,3]. В современных условиях успешно ведутся исследования по созданию сортов с измененным жирнокислотным составом различного назначения -для химической, пищевой, фармацевтической промышленности, получения биотоплива и других [4,5]. Впервые в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений РФ были включены сорта масличного льна пищевого назначения в 1998 году, в настоящее время на долю сортов с измененным жирнокислотным составом приходится 15,4 % от общего их числа 2 .…”