Selection of M3 mutant strains from 200 gy gamma irradiation on Cempo Ireng

Abstract

Climate change is a serious issue that can disrupt crop production and pest resistance, especially in rice crops. To tackle climate change, plant breeding can be employed to develop new characteristics that are resistant, using physical mutagenesis like gamma irradiation. Cempo Ireng is one type of rice in Indonesia with plant properties such as tall plant, long harvesting periods, and susceptibility to brown planthopper attacks. The research aims to obtain information and select M3 mutant strains with properties of shorter plants, early harvesting, and brown planthopper resistance. The study was conducted from February-July 2022 in Klaten Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The research material consisted of 3 mutant strains of black rice M3(GH8'), M3(GH51'), and M3(GH52'), with the control variety of Cempo Ireng. The experimental design used was a Randomized Complete Block Design without replication. Data were analyzed descriptively and used t-test, at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that M3 mutant black rice had better growth and yield components than the control plant. Brown planthopper attacks of M3 mutant strains decreased to 24% compared to the control.