Selection of Genotypes Tolerant of Aluminium and Manganese

Bellows, Scott; Fisher, James

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-590655-5.50010-4

Cited by 55 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The mechanism was to show the various responses, such as by setting up the system tolerance. According to Scott and Fisher (1989) [8], there are two mechanisms of plant tolerance to Al stress i.e. external and internal mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Oil Palm Varieties to Aluminium Stress

Supena¹

2014

JTLS

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Aluminum (Al) will be toxic to plants when soil is very acid. Soil reaction on acid condition tends to turn Al into trivalent cation (Al 3+ ) disturbing the function of the root end cells in doing the division and elongating the function. Today, the study of Al stress on crop trees as oil palm is very little. This research was aimed to study the growth of oil palm varieties in growing media treated Al stress. The experiment was conducted in the screen house using a randomized block design with two treatments, oil palm varieties and concentrations of Al. Varieties consisted of five oil palm progenies (OPP) i.e. PPKS239, PPKS540, PPKS718, Simalungun, and Dumpy. They were planted into the sterile sand medium in the form of sprouts and Al was treated with five different concentrations, 0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 ppm. Al was applied at the same time in the plant from 4 to 12 weeks after planting. Observations were conducted on several morphological and physiological variables at shoots and roots. The results showed a significant interaction between varieties and Al on the length of primary roots and reducing sugar content. The average of reducing sugar content was 24% less from control than it was when treated by Al 300 ppm. Simalungun varieties had more tolerant to Al than others. The length of Simalungun primary roots was more stable when the concentration of Al was 300 ppm whereas PPKS718 and PPKS540 varieties were decreased 24.3 and 12.4% respectively. The tolerance of Simalungun was also marked from reducing sugar content which was lower than other varieties. According to Koch (2004) [1], the low content of reducing sugar when given Al was an indication of plant resistance mechanisms against Al toxicity where the number of sugar was transported from roots to the shoots for immobilizing Al. Consequently, it decreased sugar content in the shoot.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Oil Palm Varieties to Aluminium Stress

Supena¹

2014

JTLS

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“…A long exposure to Al for 3~4 weeks requires much lower (about one third) concentrations than brief exposure of 24 h. Shuman et al(1993) found effective screening of wheat cultivars using Other variables to consider in solution-based screening are nutrient composition and standards for measuring tolerance. Changes in nutrient composition can change the intensity of Al stress at a given concentration Little, 1988;Scott and Fisher, 1989). Higher concentration of phosphorus may lead to Al-phosphate precipitates in Al solution and protect plants against Al toxicity.…”

Section: Nutrient Solution Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mitigating effects of other nutrients (e.g., Ca, P, or Mg) or organic matter must be considered as well as other factors like variability at the soil collection site, time of collection, and soil storage condition (Scott and Fisher, 1989). Results from soil bioassays may lack consistency when the same soil is used repeatedly due to the effects of continuous wetting and drying on soil chemistry.…”

Section: Screening With Soil Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liming is often not economic or practical because of the slow movement of lime especially in the deeper layers of subsoils (Foy et al, 1965;Mugwira et al, 1976). Furthermore, heavy application of lime may have adverse effects on some crops in the rotation or cause deficiencies of certain nutrients (Whitten, 1997 to acid soil stress is a solution to address this problem (Scott and Fisher, 1989). In recent years, extensive research has been focused on this area, including evaluation of germplasm for Al tolerance, the biochemistry and physiology of Al toxicity and tolerance, and the genetics of Al tolerance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aluminium tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.): Physiological mechanisms, genetics and screening methods

Wang

Raman

Zhang

et al. 2006

J. Zhejiang Univ. - Sci. B

116

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Aluminium (Al) toxicity is one of the major limiting factors for barley production on acid soils. It inhibits root cell division and elongation, thus reducing water and nutrient uptake, consequently resulting in poor plant growth and yield. Plants tolerate Al either through external resistance mechanisms, by which Al is excluded from plant tissues or internal tolerance mechanisms, conferring the ability of plants to tolerate Al ion in the plant symplasm where Al that has permeated the plasmalemma is sequestered or converted into an innocuous form. Barley is considered to be most sensitive to Al toxicity among cereal species. Al tolerance in barley has been assessed by several methods, such as nutrient solution culture, soil bioassay and field screening. Genetic and molecular mapping research has shown that Al tolerance in barley is controlled by a single locus which is located on chromosome 4H. Molecular markers linked with Al tolerance loci have been identified and validated in a range of diverse populations. This paper reviews the (1) screening methods for evaluating Al tolerance, (2) genetics and (3) mechanisms underlying Al tolerance in barley.

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“…Cocksfoot is often persistent on lighttextured, low-moisture-holding hillsides. It is the most tolerant of the four species to high levels of aluminium in soil and so may be suited to some strongly acid environments (Scott & Fisher, 1989).…”

Section: Cocksfootmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the adaptation of perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, phalaris, and cocksfoot for Australia

Reed

1996

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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The main perennial pasture grasses sown in Australia are perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), phalaris {Phalaris aquatica L), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L.), and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.). The area of adaptation, and the longevity and yield of these species are likely to improve considerably over the next decade as a result of the activities within the Australian Grass Improvement Program. Recent use of summer-dormant cultivars of phalaris has proved successful and novel summer-dormant cultivars of perennial ryegrass and tall fescue will soon be released to commerce. Of these four naturalised species, all but tall fescue have been commonly sown by farmers in Australia for 60-130 years. However, only phalaris has been subjected to detailed and sustained research. Breeders have provided a range of phalaris cultivars for early to late-season environments with improved seedling vigour, winter growth, and reduced anti-quality factors. They have also addressed edaphic limitations. Programmes are now in place to improve the other species. This review outlines the aspects of that work directed at improved adaptation to the Australian environment. A limited range of genetic resources has entered evaluation-for all four species. For perennial ryegrass, the collection of local ecotypes is well advanced. Breeding is in progress for all except cocksfoot, and is coordinated within national programmes characterised by A96003 Received 15 January 1996; accepted 25 June 1996 nationwide progeny tests, and strategic support research. Significant efforts are being takenparticularly with perennial ryegrass-to strengthen new cultivars via selection for resistance to common pathogens. Progress in the development of biotechnological procedures is expected to facilitate further improvements to the adaptation of perennial grasses to adverse climates.

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Selection of Genotypes Tolerant of Aluminium and Manganese

Cited by 55 publications

References 80 publications

Response of Oil Palm Varieties to Aluminium Stress

Response of Oil Palm Varieties to Aluminium Stress

Aluminium tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.): Physiological mechanisms, genetics and screening methods

Improving the adaptation of perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, phalaris, and cocksfoot for Australia

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