Selection of Endophytic Strains for Enhanced Bacteria-Assisted Phytoremediation of Organic Pollutants Posing a Public Health Hazard

Abstract

Anthropogenic activities generate a high quantity of organic pollutants, which have an impact on human health and cause adverse environmental effects. Monitoring of many hazardous contaminations is subject to legal regulations, but some substances such as therapeutic agents, personal care products, hormones, and derivatives of common organic compounds are currently not included in these regulations. Classical methods of removal of organic pollutants involve economically challenging processes. In this regard, remediation with biological agents can be an alternative. For in situ decontamination, the plant-based approach called phytoremediation can be used. However, the main disadvantages of this method are the limited accumulation capacity of plants, sensitivity to the action of high concentrations of hazardous pollutants, and no possibility of using pollutants for growth. To overcome these drawbacks and additionally increase the efficiency of the process, an integrated technology of bacteria-assisted phytoremediation is being used recently. For the system to work, it is necessary to properly select partners, especially endophytes for specific plants, based on the knowledge of their metabolic abilities and plant colonization capacity. The best approach that allows broad recognition of all relationships occurring in a complex community of endophytic bacteria and its variability under the influence of various factors can be obtained using culture-independent techniques. However, for practical application, culture-based techniques have priority.

An Sustainable Strategy for Reuse Agriculture Soil Impacted by A Mixture of Hydrocarbons

“…Followed by biostimulation with mineral solution to enrich soil with NH 4 NO 3 to balance the C:N ratio necessary for WMO mineralization; in that sense K 2 HPO 4 and KH 2 PO 4 salts accelerated a WMO removal [18]. In the third biostimulation with vermicompost; nitrogenous organic compounds (N) such as urea and nucleotides; as well as organic carbon compounds (C) such as cellobiose and glucose; were added to induce heterotrophic aerobic microorganisms to co-metabolize WMO hydrocarbons and decrease their concentration [19,13,20] While BIS in sequence with V. sativa or green manure enriched the soil with organic N compounds: peptides and amino acids; to maintain the balance of the C:N ratio; as well as with simple organic C compounds to maintain the cometabolism of WMO hydrocarbons to decrease the concentration of WMO [8]. During soil biostimulation; moisture was retained at 80% of field capacity that facilitated water and gas exchange that accelerated WMO bioremoval [10]; compared to soil not biostimulated or NC; there the concentration of the hydrocarbons mixture of WMO did not vary due to the excess of C; that inhibited the capacity of WMO mineralization by native heterotrophic aerobic soil microorganisms; in addition to the deficit of inorganic and organic N that complicates the possibility of bioremoval of WMO removal [21,22].…”

Prevalence, diversity and applications potential of nodules endophytic bacteria: a systematic review

“…Endophytic bacteria, isolated from environments rich in xenobiotics, particularly genera such as Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Stenotrophomonas, Micrococcus, Pantoea, and Microbacterium , demonstrate versatile metabolic pathways enabling the utilization of organic pollutants as their sole carbon source. This capacity facilitates the mineralization or transformation of contaminants into non-toxic derivatives ( Karaś et al, 2021 ).…”

Exploring macrophytes’ microbial populations dynamics to enhance bioremediation in constructed wetlands for industrial pollutants removal in sustainable wastewater treatment

“…These dangerous chemicals are made up of organic chemical compounds (carbon bases) and mixtures that are primarily products or byproducts of industrial operations, chemical manufacturing, and wastes that are resistant to external degradation via biological methods. Humans are extremely vulnerable to these pollutants (Karaś et al 2021). The pollution of aquatic environments by organic compounds is regarded as a critical issue because it affects biodiversity, depletes aquatic systems and devastates the environment.…”

“…Plantassociated bacteria include endophytic, phyllospheric, and rhizospheric bacteria. Although, endophytic bacteria appear to be the best option for improving phytoremediation (Karaś et al 2021). This is due to their ability to stimulate growth, activate defence system, and boost plant tolerance to organic pollutants (Ma et al 2015).…”