Selection of dielectrics for alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent device

Low Driving Voltage Electroluminescence Device for Integrated Visual Strain Sensing

“…10−13 Besides, controlling the dielectric constant of the substrate can regulate the electric field distribution within the fluorescent layer. 10,28 Therefore, substrates with high dielectric constants can concentrate the electric field, enhancing the separation of ZnS/Cu powder charges and thereby boosting luminosity, as depicted in Figure 1b.…”

“…In principle, thin-film ACEL display devices operate based on a high electric field, where alternating electric fields enable hot-electron injection into the fluorescent layer at the interface via tunneling effects. High-energy electrons then excite luminescent centers with collision. − Besides, controlling the dielectric constant of the substrate can regulate the electric field distribution within the fluorescent layer. , Therefore, substrates with high dielectric constants can concentrate the electric field, enhancing the separation of ZnS/Cu powder charges and thereby boosting luminosity, as depicted in Figure b.…”

“…Flexible ACEL display devices operate on the high-field principles, often requiring hundreds or even thousands of volts to achieve satisfactory brightness (∼100 cd/m 2 ). − For user safety, it is crucial to ensure low driving voltage in wearable devices. Additionally, a low operating voltage reduces power consumption, simplifies the device’s driving system integration, and lowers associated costs. − To achieve lower driving voltage in ACEL devices, materials with higher dielectric properties and more compact device structures are required. − Doping flexible substrates with ceramic powders such as BaTiO 3 (BTO), CaTiO 3 , and PbTiO 3 is a well-established method for enhancing dielectric properties. ,,− Additionally, polymer materials like polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) have replaced traditional organic silicone materials, offering higher dielectric properties. ,, However, it is noteworthy that the reported PVDF-based ACEL devices struggle to get rid of the reliance on strong polar solvents such as N , N -dimethylformamide and acetone. ,, Simultaneously, optimization of the device structure also advanced rapidly. The dielectric layer serves as the primary structure in ACEL display devices to prevent electrical breakdown.…”

Characteristics of Bi4Ti3O12 thin films on ITO/glass and Pt/Si substrates prepared by R.F. sputtering and rapid thermal annealing

“…Unfortunately, the characteristics of bismuth titanate are not entirely compatible with the requirements of the traditional R.F. sputtering process since the bismuth readily evaporates during the heating treatment because of its low melting point of 271 • C. Furthermore, perovskite materials such as BaTiO 3 , SrTiO 3, PbTiO 3 and Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 interact readily with ITO [7], leading to a deterioration of the characteristics at high temperature. Additionally, the glass substrates cannot resist temperatures exceeding 500 • C for long periods of time.…”

Low-Voltage Electrowetting on Dielectrics Integrated and Investigated with Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (LV-EWOD-EIS)

“…Anodization is an electrochemical process for defined oxide formation on a metal surface. The resulting layer possesses a self-healing property [92][93] and a strong adherence to the metal 94 .…”