Selection of Bacteria with Favorable Transport Properties Through Porous Rock for the Application of Microbial-Enhanced Oil Recovery

Jang, Larry K.; Chang, Philip W.; Findley, James S.; Yen, Teh Fu

doi:10.1128/aem.46.5.1066-1072.1983

Cited by 78 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…to solids, it has been observed that both bacteria and viruses aggregate with themselves, or biofiocculate under many environmental conditions [Costerton et al, 1978;Floyd, 1979;Floyd and Sharp, 1978]. An experiment by Jang et al [1983], involving the injection of bacteria into sandstone cores to determine their rate of transport in such media, demonstrated that aggregating bacteria may clog porous media and hinder subsequent transport of bacteria. Despite all these indications of the importance of aggregation and adherence to solids, predictive models typically consider only single-particle transport and removal.…”

Section: Rarely Are Viruses and Bacteria Present In Solution As Singlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle transport through porous media

McDowell-Boyer¹,

Hunt²,

Sitar³

1986

Water Resources Research

780

456

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The authors are to be commended for their thorough and timely review [McDowell-Boyer et al., 1986] on the subject of particle transport through porous media. It was felt, however, that they have not followed far enough their own streams of thoughts. Despite the detailed descriptions of current perceptions how particles get separated from the carrying liquid and how they interact with the porous media, little attention was paid to the fact why they can be transported over hundreds of meters. The authors mentioned the studies by Smith et el.[1985], who reported microbial breakthrough at the 0.3-m depth of undisturbed soil columns within 17-50 min. Gerba and Goyal's [1985] study is also cited according to which bacteria had moved over distances of more than 800 m. However, no discussion is offered about the discrepancy between these and many other reported observations on fast and farreaching particle transport in porous media and the lack of models dealing with this kind of transport. Corapcioglu and Haridas [1985], for instance, presented an approach to the transport of microorganisms through porous media. No matter how these authors stressed the flow parameters (they went to the permissible limits), their model strongly indicated that bacteria cannot be transported over distances exceeding 0.2 m under the commonly accepted constrains of the model.The reasons for these deficiencies in the perception of particle transport through porous media, as they are well represented in this review article, can be traced back to the early beginnings of groundwater hydrology. It was Darcy's [1856] cracks. Voids which support particle transport have diameters at least an order of magnitude greater than the particles that move. This movement results in readily recognizable accumulations of silt (siltants) or clay (argilans) coatings on the surfaces of the voids, eventually plugging them. Filter theory conceptualizes the porous media as homogenous, whereas microscopists conceptualize the same media as inhomogeneous [Jeans, 1986; Bullock et al., 1985]. Thus surface accumulation is, indeed, observed but at much smaller scales. Pores only 50/•m wide are often distinctly lined with clay particles. Apparently, water carrying them through those pores lost its dragging power due to loss of momentum. This 10ss can be caused by decreasing flow velocity, by the reduction of mass flow due to water sorption into the finer pores surrounding the flow paths, or by any combination of the two. Gerba and Biton [1984], for instance, reported from groundwater flow studies that the bulk of larger Escherichia coil appeared about 1 hour earlier in an observation well 160 m downstream from an injection well than the bulk of the much smaller coliphage f2. Likewise, Harvey et al. [1986] reported that the peak abundance during fractional breakthrough of carboxylated microspheres at 1.5 m from the point of injection was highest for the 1.2-/•m diameter size class, followed by the 0.7-and 0.2-#m microspheres. This indicates that some of the larger partic...

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Section: Rarely Are Viruses and Bacteria Present In Solution As Singlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle transport through porous media

McDowell-Boyer¹,

Hunt²,

Sitar³

1986

Water Resources Research

780

456

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“…Concerns about propagation of pathogenic microbes in groundwaters [e.g., Gerba et al, 1975] and the more recent use of microorganisms for in situ contaminant degradation in aquifers [e.g., National Research Council, 1993] and for petroleum recovery [e.g., Jang et al, 1983] have motivated research directed toward better understanding of how microorganisms (either indigenous or injected from above ground) move through the porous medium. An appreciation of bacterial transport mechanisms is also important in studies of deep subsurface microbial populations [Fredrickson et al, 1988; Sedimentation can potentially contribute to either local deposition or downward movement of suspended particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Sedimentation Through a Porous Medium

Wan¹,

Tokunaga²,

Tsang³

1995

Water Resources Research

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Numerous previous studies of bacterial transport in groundwaters and to deep aquifers and sediments have either neglected, or regarded as insignificant, the potential contribution of bacterial sedimentation. This study examines the potential significance of sedimentation as a mechanism for bacterial transport. A simple model is developed to predict the behavior of particles (bacterial or inorganic colloids) sedimenting through granular porous media under hydrostatic conditions. The model indicates that tortuosity‐limited sedimentation velocities through porous media consisting of large, well‐rounded grains can proceed at velocities close to (≈90% that of) free sedimentation in water columns when particle‐grain interactions involve only tortuosity. The assumption of neutral buoyancy of bacteria was demonstrated to be invalid through buoyant density measurements on 25 subsurface bacterial strains (using Percoll density gradient centrifugation). An average buoyant density of 1.088 Mg m−3 was obtained (range from 1.040 to 1.121 Mg m−3). The two nonmotile bacterial strains selected for sedimentation experiments were Arthrobacter globiformis B672 (isolated from the Middendorf aquifer, 259‐m depth), and OYS3, a streptomycin‐resistant strain isolated from shallow groundwaters at Oyster, Virginia. All experiments were carried out under nongrowth conditions. Stokes' law sedimentation velocities for the two bacterial strains calculated from measurements of buoyant densities and characteristic sizes were 5.8 and 40 mm d−1, respectively. Direct measurements of free sedimentation of Arthrobacter B672 and OYS3 through water columns (21°C) yielded median velocities of 7.1 and 42 mm d−1, respectively, in good agreement with Stokes' law calculations. The Arthrobacter B672 and OYS3 strains sedimented through saturated sand columns (quartz sand, 300–420 μm diameter) under hydrostatic conditions at median velocities of 7 and 17 mm d−1. Thus the sedimentation model is consistent with sand column observations on Arthrobacter B672 and too simplistic in the case of OYS3. Bacterial breakthrough by sedimentation exhibited trends consistent with first‐order attenuation with distance. Bacterial deposition coefficients for this first‐order model were in the range of 0.008–0.012 mm−1. Surface physical‐chemical interactions, grain and pore size distributions, and grain surface microtopography can be very important in controlling the effectiveness of bacterial sedimentation as a transport mechanism. This research suggested that if timescales are sufficiently long, spanning many generations, sedimentation can become a significant mechanism for bacterial transport.

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“…Few mathematical models of bacterial transport in soils have been reported. Matthess and Pekdeger (1985), Corapcioglu and Haridas (1984), and Jang, e t al. (1983), have presented models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…(1983), have presented models. Jang, et al (1983), did not analyze bacterial removal processes. The models of Matthess and Pekdeger (1985) and Corapcioglu and Haridas (1984) consider many of the processes included in the mathematical model presented below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DEVELOPMENT OF A BACTERIAL TRANSPORT MODEL FOR COARSE SOILS¹

Peterson

Ward

1989

J American Water Resour Assoc

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A bacterial transport model, developed to analyze bacterial translocation in coarse‐grained soils, is presented. The complex governing equation is presented first, followed by analyses of each of the major processes influencing bacterial transport. These analyses suggest simplification of the governing equation is feasible when input data on specific processes are limited or unavailable. Model parameters, including bacterial die‐off, bacterial distribution, input bacterial concentration, and saturated hydraulic conductivity, were randomly generated using a procedure known to produce either a normal or log‐normal distribution of random numbers. Monte Carlo simulations were completed, and the resulting output was used to generate cumulative frequency distributions showing the probability of bacterial transport beyond various soil depths. Results from these simulations indicate that bacteria have a high probability of traveling through coarse‐grained soils when low clay content and soil water temperatures limit bacterial retention and die‐off.

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Selection of Bacteria with Favorable Transport Properties Through Porous Rock for the Application of Microbial-Enhanced Oil Recovery

Cited by 78 publications

References 2 publications

Particle transport through porous media

Particle transport through porous media

Bacterial Sedimentation Through a Porous Medium

DEVELOPMENT OF A BACTERIAL TRANSPORT MODEL FOR COARSE SOILS¹

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Selection of Bacteria with Favorable Transport Properties Through Porous Rock for the Application of Microbial-Enhanced Oil Recovery

Cited by 78 publications

References 2 publications

Particle transport through porous media

Particle transport through porous media

Bacterial Sedimentation Through a Porous Medium

DEVELOPMENT OF A BACTERIAL TRANSPORT MODEL FOR COARSE SOILS1

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Product

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DEVELOPMENT OF A BACTERIAL TRANSPORT MODEL FOR COARSE SOILS¹