Selection, management and use of cocksfoot cultivars in North Island pastoral farming

Moloney, S. C.

doi:10.33584/jnzg.1993.55.2097

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the most important specific result was the dramatic difference in legume content between clover treatments in pastures sown with cocksfoot. Cocksfoot has a reputation as a very aggressive grass species in fertile lowland environments, where the suppression of high quality companion grasses and clovers has resulted in poor grass productivity and palatability (Moloney 1995). After more than 5 years of association, the total legume content of cocksfoot/ caucasian clover pastures in February 2000 (46%) was superior to that based on white clover (2%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caucasian clover was more productive than white clover in grass mixtures under drought conditions

Black¹,

Lucas²

2000

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This experiment compared the productivity of caucasian or white clover when established with five perennial grass species over 6 years in a dry lowland environment. Hexaploid 'Endura' caucasian clover or 'Grasslands Demand' white clover were sown in December 1994 with high endophyte 'Yatsyn' perennial ryegrass, 'Grasslands Wana' cocksfoot, 'Grasslands Advance' tall fescue, 'Grasslands Gala' grazing brome, or 'Grasslands Maru' phalaris into a deep, fertile silt loam. Initial establishment of clovers was poor with ryegrass and grazing brome. Some volunteer white clover established in all 10 treatments. After the first 14 months, no irrigation was applied over the following 4 years. Sheep grazed plots about six times each year. The legume cover in 15-month-old pastures was higher when sown with white clover (29%) than caucasian clover (21%) but dry conditions during 1997/1998 (60% of 680 mm mean annual rainfall) and 1998/1999 (66% of mean rainfall) decreased the percentage of legume in white clover pastures. In February 1998 and March 1999, legume contributed 37% and 21% of the dry matter (DM) in caucasian clover pastures, but only 4% and 1% in pastures sown with white clover. Rainfall during the sixth season (1999/2000) was more favourable (111% of mean rainfall). Total DM production from July 1999 to June 2000 was 10.0 t DM/ha from caucasian clover pastures and 8.7 t DM/ha from pastures sown with white clover. The mean proportion of legume in white clover pastures ranged from 9% when sown with ryegrass and phalaris to 1% with cocksfoot. In contrast, mean caucasian clover legume contents were similar across all grass treatments at 20%, but reached 46% with cocksfoot during summer. It was concluded that caucasian clover is more tolerant of summer moisture stress than white clover when in association with perennial grass species. Keywords: botanical composition, Bromus stamineus, Dactylis glomerata, legume content, Lolium perenne, moisture stress, pasture production, Phalaris aquatica, Schedonorus phoenix syn. Festuca arundinacea, Trifolium ambiguum, T. repens

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caucasian clover was more productive than white clover in grass mixtures under drought conditions

Black¹,

Lucas²

2000

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“…The conversion of many New Zealand, southern Victorian and Tasmanian, Australian dryland pastures to cocksfoot‐dominance over several years emphasizes the adaptive nature of this species to dry summer conditions (Moloney, 1993; Fraser, 1994). Under appropriate management, mature cocksfoot plants not only survive, but also remain productive during summer months (Christie and McElroy, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of defoliation management, based on leaf stage, on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), prairie grass (Bromus willdenowii Kunth.) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) under dryland conditions. 1. Regrowth, tillering and water‐soluble carbohydrate concentration

Turner

Donaghy

Lane

et al. 2006

Grass and Forage Science

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Effect of defoliation management, based on leaf stage, on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), prairie grass (Bromus willdenowii Kunth.) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) under dryland conditions. 1. Regrowth, tillering and water-soluble carbohydrate concentration Abstract A field study was undertaken between April 2003 and May 2004 in southern Tasmania, Australia to quantify and compare changes in herbage productivity and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), prairie grass (Bromus willdenowii Kunth.) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) under a defoliation regime based on leaf regrowth stage. Defoliation interval was based on the time taken for two, three or four leaves per tiller to fully expand. Dry-matter (DM) production and botanical composition were measured at every defoliation event; plant density, DM production per tiller, tiller numbers per plant and WSC concentration were measured bimonthly; and tiller initiation and death rates were monitored every 3 weeks. Species and defoliation interval had a significant effect (P < 0AE05) on seasonal DM production. Prairie grass produced significantly more (P < 0AE001) DM than cocksfoot and ryegrass (5AE7 vs. 4AE1 and 4AE3 t DM ha )1 respectively). Plants defoliated at the two-leaf stage of regrowth produced significantly less DM than plants defoliated at the three-and four-leaf stages, irrespective of species. Defoliation interval had no effect on plant persistence of any species during the first year of establishment, as measured by plant density and tiller number. However, more frequent defoliation was detrimental to the productivity of all species, most likely because of decreased WSC reserves. Results from this study confirmed that to maximize rates of regrowth, the recommended defoliation interval for prairie grass and cocksfoot is the four-leaf stage, and for perennial ryegrass between the two and three-leaf stages.

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“…4704,Christchurch,New Zealand 2 Agriculture and life Sciences Division, P.O. Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand brownH@crop.cri.nz clover is seldom successful because they compete strongly for water during the summer (Moloney 1993). The loss of clover then reduces the N fixation in the pasture and consequently the N content of cocksfoot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub clover, cocksfoot and lucerne combine to improve dryland stock production

Brown¹,

Moot²,

Lucas³

et al. 2006

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The temporal (seasonal) pattern of dryland pasture and stock production from four cocksfoot based pastures (mixed with balansa, Caucasian, subterranean or white clover), a ryegrass/white clover pasture and a pure lucerne crop were compared over 2 years (2004/05 and 2005/ 06). Subterranean clover with cocksfoot provided high legume content pasture giving higher stock production than other pasture mixtures from August to October. This complemented the high yields and stock production provided by lucerne from mid September to January in 2004/05. However, a dry winter followed by spring snow resulted in lucerne production similar to other pastures in 2005/06. Cocksfoot based pastures provided more maintenance feed than perennial ryegrass during a dry summer (2005/06) but ryegrass/white clover provided higher stock production in wet summer conditions (2004/ 05). These results suggest a range of pasture species are necessary to cope with the seasonal climate variability typically experienced in dryland farm systems. Keywords: balansa clover, Caucasian clover, Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Medicago sativa, pasture growth rates, ryegrass, sheep production, Trifolium ambiguum, Trifolium michelianum, Trifolium repens, Trifolium subterraneum, white clover

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Selection, management and use of cocksfoot cultivars in North Island pastoral farming

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Caucasian clover was more productive than white clover in grass mixtures under drought conditions

Caucasian clover was more productive than white clover in grass mixtures under drought conditions

Effect of defoliation management, based on leaf stage, on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), prairie grass (Bromus willdenowii Kunth.) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) under dryland conditions. 1. Regrowth, tillering and water‐soluble carbohydrate concentration

Sub clover, cocksfoot and lucerne combine to improve dryland stock production

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