Selection gains for bunch production in interspecific hybrids between “caiaué” and oil palm

Abstract

The objective of this work was to estimate selection gains for bunch production in hybrids obtained from “caiaué” (Elaeis oleifera) parents from the Manicoré population and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) parents from the La Mé population, from the third to the eighth year after planting. Thirty-nine full-sibling progenies were evaluated in experiments conducted in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates and 12 plants per plot. The genetic gain estimates were 27.6% for the ten best selected F1 individuals, 13.7% for the four best selected progenies from parents of both sexes, 6.4% for the selected progenies of the five best male parents, 6.0% for the selected progenies of the two best families from male parents, and 4.0% for the selected progenies of the best descendants from male parents. Genetic gains for bunch production can be achieved, in the short term, through selection restricted to male parents, and, in the medium term, through selection of both male and female parents and cloning of F1 individuals.

Physicochemical characterization of bunches and oil composition in a backcross progeny (caiaué x oil palm) x oil palm

“…The variation in the composition of the oil in fatty acids did not show a significant correlation with the percentage of oil in dry mesocarp (ODM), which indicates that the selection for a high percentage of ODM does not affect the composition of the oil and, on the other hand, the selection for gains in oil composition will not affect the gains for ODM. The interspecific hybridization between caiaué and oil palm has as main objective the introduction of genetic resistance to Bud Rot desease in the oil palm, which has already been demonstrated in the F1 hybrids (GOMES JR et al, 2019). The genetic control of resistance to BR is unknown and there is no information about segregation of this characteristic in backcross generations.…”

Selection gains for the palm oil production from progenies of American oil palm with oil palm

“…Although the restrict selection for male genitors provide smaller genetic gain than the selection for both genitor sexes, this strategy do not require genotype multiplication to start the seed production of the improved hybrids. However, female genitors need to be multiplied to produce seed in a commercial scale, which requires approximately eight years (Gomes Junior et al, 2019). The selection of male parents (pisifera-type palm oil) is justified by the potential to produce a large number of seed from a single plant, since the production of pollen is high, in comparison with the potential of seed production from female genitor.…”

Contribution of breeding to agriculture in the Brazilian Amazon. I. Açaí palm and oil palm

“…After these stages, F 1 hybrids from various crosses will have great variability among them, which can be exploited through selection, whether for cloning, the constitution of new hybrids or backcrossing (Gomes Júnior et al 2016). Short-term gains can be achieved by selecting male genitors in E. guineensis, while medium-and long-term gains are obtained by selecting both genitors, as well as by cloning in vitro F 1 hybrids (Gomes Júnior et al 2019). The cloning protocol is at an advanced stage of development, where the process is carried out mainly via somatic embryogenesis, with differential response of genotypes to callus induction, being a character that can be improved (Santos et al 2018, Almeida et al 2019, Almeida et al 2020 Two limiting factors stand out in oil palm breeding: the need for large areas to evaluate a significant number of genotypes and progenies; and the long period of each selection cycle, about 20 years to close a single cycle (Wong andBernardo 2008, Rivas et al 2012).…”