Selection for tetracycline-resistant Chlamydia suis in treated pigs

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate Chlamydia suis in a pig farm with an outbreak of conjunctivitis and diarrhea. Eye swabs and pooled fecal samples were investigated for the presence of C. suis by real-time PCR and ArrayTube microarray. Samples positive for C. suis by ArrayTube microarray assay were further tested for the presence of the tet(C) resistance gene by PCR. In the first examination, C. suis was identified in 12 six-week-old pigs showing conjunctivitis. Of these, the tet(C) gene-coding region was amplified in one pooled fecal sample and one eye swab, respectively. After oral treatment with tetracycline, clinical symptoms disappeared. Subsequently, all eye swabs investigated from 10 healthy pigs were positive for C. suis and the tet(C) gene-coding region. The present study reports rapid selection for tetracycline-resistant C. suis after antibiotic treatment. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Page 1 The aim of this study was to investigate Chlamydia suis in a pig farm with an 2 outbreak of conjunctivitis and diarrhea. Eye swabs and pooled fecal samples were 3 investigated for the presence of C. suis by real-time PCR and ArrayTube microarray. 4Samples positive for C. suis by ArrayTube microarray assay were further tested for 5 the presence of the tet C resistance gene by PCR. In the first examination, C. suis 6 was identified in 12 six-week old pigs showing conjunctivitis. Of these, the tet(C) 7 gene-coding region was amplified in one pooled fecal sample and one eye swab, 8 respectively. After oral treatment with Tetracycline, clinical symptoms disappeared. 9Subsequently, all eye swabs investigated from ten healthy pigs were positive for C. 10 suis and the tet(C) gene-coding region. The present study reports rapid selection for 11Tetracycline-resistant C. suis after antibiotic treatment. 12 13

Evidence for Chlamydia in Crohns Disease

“…Samples were screened for Chlamydia spp. on the AB 7500 Fast Real Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) using the 23S rRNA gene based Chlamydiaceae family specific method, which includes primers Ch23S-F (5'-CTGAAACCAGTAGCTTATAAGCGGT-3'), Ch23S-R (5'-ACCTCGCCGTTTAACTTAACTCC-3') and probe Ch23S-P (FAM-CTCATCATGCAAAAGGCACGCCG) [13]. Each run included 2 positive controls, 2 negative controls, and samples.…”

Water-filtered infrared A reduces chlamydial infectivity in vitro without causing ex vivo eye damage in pig and mouse models

“…Of particular interest is the emergence of tetracycline resistance in C. suis, a growing problem in the pig rearing industry and probably the result of excessive tetracycline use for therapeutic purposes and as growth promoters in livestock since the 1950s (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). C. suis is primarily known to inapparently infect the porcine gastrointestinal tract with a prevalence of up to 90 % in fattening pigs (12).…”

A severe case of pneumopathy in a duck breeder due to Chlamydia psittaci diagnosed by 16S rDNA sequencing

“…While antibiotic susceptibility data are scarce for C. psittaci, stable tetracycline-resistant Chlamydia suis strains have recently been identified in pigs (Andersen & Rogers, 1998;Di Francesco et al, 2008;Borel et al, 2012;Schautteet et al, 2013). Unfortunately, no biological sample from the patient was available to attempt C. psittaci culturing.…”