Selection for Salt‐Resistant Spring Wheat<sup>1</sup>

Kingsbury, Ralph W.; Epstein, Emanuel

doi:10.2135/cropsci1984.0011183x002400020024x

Cited by 180 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

105

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Because the lines differed greatly in survival ability under salt stress (15), but did not show substantial differences in water relations, we concluded that the osmotic stress imposed by a saline solution is not the major factor threatening survival of these plants. This conclusion is of course restricted to the conditions of the experiment, the salt stress being imposed in a well aerated solution culture in the greenhouse.…”

Section: Materuils and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Physiological Responses to Salinity in Selected Lines of Wheat

Kingsbury¹,

Epstein²,

Pearcy³

1984

Plant Physiol.

Self Cite

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two selections of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum L, differing in their relative salt resistance, were grown in salinized solution culture, and relative growth rates, osmotic adjustment, ion accumulation, and photosynthesis were monitored to study the responses of the plants to salinity.Differences in water relations were minimal and were only apparent for 3 days following salinization. The lines differed substantially in their relative growth rates and photosynthetic responses for several weeks following salinization, despite full osmotic adjustment. Concentrations of major cations and Cl in the plant organs were remarkably similar in both lines, indicative of minimal differences in gross ion absorption and translocation.The authors interpret these results to suggest that the major difference between these two lines of wheat was their response to specific ion effects, at the level of the organ, tissue, cell, and subcellular entities. Superior compartmentation oftoxic ions by the more salt-tolerant line, presumably in the vacuole, might have enabled it to maintain its cytoplasmic metabolic apparatus in a stabler and more nearly normal state than the sensitive line was able to do; a measure of true cytoplasmic toleration of salt may also be a factor.Salinity is a major problem in today's irrigation agriculture, as millions of tons of salt are annually dumped onto the soil from the irrigation water. Plants vary, however, in their ability to cope with salinity, as is evidenced by the wide diversity of plant habitats, ranging from nonsaline environments to the extreme salinities of the sea, salt marshes, and saline deserts. For crop plants, differences in salt resistance exist not only among different genera and species, but even within a species which may on the whole be considered salt sensitive (Ref. 6, Refs. 8,9, and 18). These observations support two arguments: (a) crop plants can be adapted to saline environments, and (b) intraspecific variation can be exploited to investigate the nature of salt resistance or sensitivity (9). It is the second of these claims that is addressed in the current study.The reduction in yield of many crops by salinity is well documented (18 mechanisms of salt tolerance (7,(10)(11)(12)19).In this paper, we report the results of a study of the physiological responses to salinity, comparing a salt-resistant line of hexaploid wheat with one which is salt-sensitive. The use of intraspecific selections in comparative studies should provide a powerful tool to unveil the genetically based mechanisms of salt resistance (9). This investigation was not meant to be exhaustive, but rather exploratory in nature, as an attempt to find the areas of greatest difference between the selections which might relate to the observed differences in salt resistance. MATERUILS AND METHODS Selection and Culture of Salt-Resistant and Salt-SensitiveWheat. Details of the selection procedures have been reported elsewhere (15). In general, lines from the world collection of wheat, Triticum aestivum L., were ...

show abstract

Section: Materuils and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Details of the selection procedures have been reported elsewhere (15). In general, lines from the world collection of wheat, Triticum aestivum L., were found that could survive and produce seed in solution culture salinized to 50% seawater salinity.…”

Section: Materuils and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Responses to Salinity in Selected Lines of Wheat

Kingsbury¹,

Epstein²,

Pearcy³

1984

Plant Physiol.

Self Cite

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, Kingsbury and Epstein (1984) found that individual lines from 5000 accessions of spring wheat showed differing tolerance during their life cycle. Generally, in most plants, the response to salinity appears as a depressive effect on growth and development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Evaluating Salt Tolerance of 14 Barley Accessions from Southern Tunisia Using Multiple Parameters

khaled¹,

Hayek²,

Mansour³

et al. 2012

JAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Barley "Ardhaoui" (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a local landraces cropped in southern Tunisia characterized by its resistance to drought and salinity. Salt tolerance of barley changes according to the growth stages. In order to study the salinity tolerance of (Hordeum vulgare L.), fourteen barely accessions, were grown in soil and exposed to four salinity levels (5, 7, 13 and 20 dS/m).To evaluate its salt tolerance using multiple parameters, fourteen barley accessions from two regions in the southern Tunisia (costal and mountainous regions) were grown in soil and exposed to four salinity levels (5, 7, 13 and 20 dS/m). Plant growth parameter, total biomass at final harvest, straw yield and yield compound associated with salt tolerance during the different growth stages were determined. The results showed negative effects of salinity on the growth and the development of the barley. However, the salt sensitive accessions showed a greater reduction in tiller number (e.g. by about 80 %) than tolerant ones (e.g. by about 57 %) at 20 dS/m. These decrease on the growth of leaves, tillers and the aerial part constitute a strategy developed by the barely in vegetative phase to reduce the salt stress. Tiller and spikelet numbers were more affected by the salinity at 13 and 20 dS/m the different results showed significant correlation between the spikes numbers and the tiller number (r = 0.872). The salinity affected negatively these two parameters, which both initiate during early growth stages. So, the salinity has a greater influence on final grain yield than on yield components in the later stages. The studied parameters showed significant differences (p<0.05) between the barely accessions.The cluster analysis using agronomic parameters at all growth stage showed that the accessions "Ettalah" and "Elhezma" were ranked as the most tolerant to salinity. However, "Boughrara" and "Edwiret Elgdima" accessions were ranked as moderate and presented a change of their degree of tolerance with the different growth stage. The remaining accessions showed the lowest tolerance to salinity. A highest tolerance was observed on the accessions from plain zones compared at those of mountainous zones.The response differences between accessions of local population of barley "Ardhaoui" reflecting an important internal genetic variability against the salinity. This variability could be more explored and used for the barley breeding program.

show abstract

“…The fresh weights (FW) were recorded after removing surface water by blotting and the dry weights (DW) determined after drying for 15 min in an oven at 80°C and then in a vacuum dryer at 40°C to constant weight. The relative growth rate (RGR) was defined as (ln DW after treatment -ln DW before treatment) / treatment duration (Kingsbury et al, 1984). The water content (WC) percentage was calculated as: 100(FW-DW)/FW (Yang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Measurement Of Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Water Stress on Germination and Growth of Linseed Seedlings (Linum usitatissimum L), Photosynthetic Efficiency and Accumulation of Metabolites

Guo¹,

Hao²,

Gong³

2012

JAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drought is a serious problem in many nations, adversely affecting both crop growth and yield. Here, we investigate the effects of water stress on growth, photosynthesis, physiology and germination in seedlings of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L). Water stress was imposed by exposing the sand-grown roots to irrigation with a range of concentrations of polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG). Both relative growth rate (RGR) and water content (WC) decreased with increasing PEG concentration with the reductions being greatest for 20% PEG (water potential -0.58 MPa). The results show that as PEG concentration increased, the fluorescent chlorophyll and chloroplast pigments decreased but the ratio of Chl a/Chl b gradually increased. Meanwhile, shoot carbohydrate content increased slightly with increasing PEG concentration while that in the roots peaked at 5% PEG (-0.09 MPa) before decreasing at higher PEG concentrations. The content of proline in shoots and roots increased with increasing PEG concentration. With increasing PEG concentration, betaine showed a slight tendency to rise in the root, but to rise and then fall in the shoot. The results indicate that PEG-induced water stress increased the accumulations of carbohydrate, proline and betaine. These may help the linseed seedlings to survive periods of osmotic stress induced by drought and may be involved in the perception and transmission a drought signal, also playing a role in osmotic adjustment. Under water stress, the main inorganic ions involved in osmotic adjustment were K + , Na + , Ca 2+ and Cl -likely thereby increasing drought resistance. The germination percentage of the seeds was severely reduced by increasing PEG concentrations, ceasing altogether at 15% PEG. Many of the seeds that remained dormant in the higher PEG concentrations germinated satisfactorily when afterwards placed in pure water. The research provides useful leads in the planned development of linseed cultivars having increased drought tolerance.

show abstract

Selection for Salt‐Resistant Spring Wheat¹

Cited by 180 publications

References 0 publications

Physiological Responses to Salinity in Selected Lines of Wheat

Physiological Responses to Salinity in Selected Lines of Wheat

Evaluating Salt Tolerance of 14 Barley Accessions from Southern Tunisia Using Multiple Parameters

Effects of Water Stress on Germination and Growth of Linseed Seedlings (Linum usitatissimum L), Photosynthetic Efficiency and Accumulation of Metabolites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Selection for Salt‐Resistant Spring Wheat1

Cited by 180 publications

References 0 publications

Physiological Responses to Salinity in Selected Lines of Wheat

Physiological Responses to Salinity in Selected Lines of Wheat

Evaluating Salt Tolerance of 14 Barley Accessions from Southern Tunisia Using Multiple Parameters

Effects of Water Stress on Germination and Growth of Linseed Seedlings (Linum usitatissimum L), Photosynthetic Efficiency and Accumulation of Metabolites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Selection for Salt‐Resistant Spring Wheat¹