Selection for increased abdominal bristle number in Drosophila melanogaster with concurrent irradiation

Hollingdale, Barbara; Barker, J. S. F.

doi:10.1007/bf00279772

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…The likelihood of [al<: + Cov(a, k)F » (a 2 + u}) does not seem very great since polygenic mutations often have little or no effect on the mean ofcharacters (a = 0) (aka et al, 1958;Gregory, 1965;Hollingdale and Barker, 1971) and/or tend to be additive on average (k = 0) (Ohnishi, 1977;Kaeser and Bums, 1981;Mukai and Nagano, 1983). Moreover, based on the functional constraints of enzyme systems, Kaeser and Bums (1981) have argued that the level of dominance will be inversely correlated with the absolute homozygous effect; this implies for closely linked loci.…”

Section: The Components Of Genetic Variancementioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Evolution by Neutral Mutation

1986

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A general model is developed for predicting the genetic variance within populations and the rate of divergence of population mean phenotypes for quantitative traits under the joint operation of random sampling drift and mutation in the absence of selection. In addition to incorporating the dominance effects of mutant alleles, the model yields some insight into the effects of linkage and the mating system on the mutational production of quantitative-genetic variation. Despite these additional and potentially serious complications, it is found that, for small populations, the simple predictions obtained by previous investigators using additive-genetic models hold reasonably well. Even after accounting for dominance and linkage, the equilibrium level of genetic variance is unlikely to be much less than 2NV or to be more than 4NV , where N is the effective population size and V is the new variance from mutation appearing each generation. The rate of increase of the between-line variance per generation ultimately equals 2V regardless of population size, although the time to attain the asymptotic rate is proportional to N. Expressions are presented for the rate of approach to the equilibrium level of genetic variance and for the expected variance of the within-population and between-population genetic variances. The relevance of the derived model, which amounts to a generalization of the neutral theory to the phenotypic level, is discussed in the context of the detection of natural selection, the maintenance of pure lines for biomedical and agricultural purposes, the development of genetic conservation programs, and the design of indices of morphological distance between species.

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Section: The Components Of Genetic Variancementioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Evolution by Neutral Mutation

1986

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Mutational Variation and Long‐Term Selection Response

Keightley

2003

Plant Breeding Reviews

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The nature of quantittative genetic variation revisited: Lessons from Drosophila bristles

Mackay

1996

BioEssays

112

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Most characters that distinguish one individual from another, like height or weight, vary continuously in populations. Continuous variation of these 'quantitative' traits is due to the simultaneous segregation of multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs) as well as environmental influences. A major challenge in human medicine, animal and plant breeding and evolutionary genetics is to identify QTLs and determine their genetic properties. Studies of the classic quantitative traits, abdominal and sternopleural bristle numbers of Drosophila, have shown that: (1) many loci have small effects on bristle number, but a few have large effects and cause most of the genetic variation; (2) 'candidate' loci involved in bristle development often have large quantitative effects on bristle number; and (3) alleles at QTLs affecting bristle number have variable degrees of dominance, interact with each other, and affect other quantitative traits, including fitness. Lessons learned from this model system will be applicable to studies of the genetic basis of quantitative variation in other species.

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Selection for increased abdominal bristle number in Drosophila melanogaster with concurrent irradiation

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Phenotypic Evolution by Neutral Mutation

Phenotypic Evolution by Neutral Mutation

Mutational Variation and Long‐Term Selection Response

The nature of quantittative genetic variation revisited: Lessons from Drosophila bristles

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