Selection, control and techno-economic feasibility of Pumps as Turbines in Water Distribution Networks

Stefanizzi, Michele; Capurso, Tommaso; Balacco, Gabriella; Binetti, Mario; Camporeale, Sergio Mario; Torresi, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2020.08.108

Cited by 71 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The feasibility of the system and the economic return are highlighted by numerous studies applied to real hydraulic networks [17,[21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Energy Recovery In Wdnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With reference to the Murgia network case study, a first attempt of using Pump-as-Turbine (PAT) in place of the PRV has been proposed in Stefanizzi et al [21]. In their study, the daily available energy that could be exploited was 2241.2 kWh/day.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a distributed PATs system represents an alternative and innovative use of PRV that allows converting an excess of water pressure in electric power providing electricity for the purposes of charging E-bikes. With reference to the Murgia network case study, a first attempt of using Pump-as-Turbine (PAT) in place of the PRV has been proposed in Stefanizzi et al [21]. In their study, the daily available energy that could be exploited was 2241.2 kWh/day.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Distributed System of e-Vehicle Charging Stations Based on Pumps as Turbine to Support Sustainable Micromobility

et al. 2021

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Recent statistics shows that CO2 emissions from road transport have been increasing. In addition, the paradigm of “more electric vehicles” does not seem to be positive from the environmental point of view. In fact, assuming the current energy mix system, studies focusing on Life Cycle Assessment and Well-To-Wheels analysis demonstrate that electric vehicles are less eco-friendly than traditional internal combustion-based engines. Then, it is mandatory to shift toward renewable energy sources to produce electricity with less CO2 emission. In this work, it is proposed to use a new e-vehicles charging system based on Pumps used as Turbine (PATs). This system uses the pressure in excess that could be available in a water distribution network (WDN). Such an excess of pressure is usually destroyed by pressure-reducing valves with the aim to reduce water leaks. PATs are also able to reduce water pressure and produce electrical energy that can be supplied to e-vehicles charging stations. Then, a bi-level methodology to design and optimize the e-charging stations system for (individual or shared) e-bikes and/or e-scooters is proposed. The method allows determining the optimal number of e-vehicles, charging stations docks, and PATs on the study area according to the WDN layout and hydraulic properties as well as the road network characteristics and demand of e-vehicles. The potential of the methodology is shown by an application to a real case study.

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“…The feasibility of the system and the economic return are highlighted by numerous studies applied to real hydraulic networks [17,[21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Energy Recovery In Wdnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Novel Distributed System of e-Vehicle Charging Stations Based on Pumps as Turbine to Support Sustainable Micromobility

et al. 2021

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“…It can also be beneficial to enhance the sustainability of such networks [9]. Additionally, studies on PATs have already developed integration strategies for water distribution networks [10,11] or methodologies to select pumps from catalogues [12]. Simulation models were also developed to determine the number and optimal locations of operations as well as the optimal PATs to minimize costs [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roadmap to Profitability for a Speed-Controlled Micro-Hydro Storage System Using Pumps as Turbines

et al. 2022

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Storage technologies are an emerging element in the further expansion of renewable energy generation. A decentralized micro-pumped storage power plant can reduce the load on the grid and contribute to the expansion of renewable energies. This paper establishes favorable boundary conditions for the economic operation of a micro-pump storage (MPS) system. The evaluation is performed by means of a custom-built simulation model based on pump and turbine maps which are either given by the manufacturer, calculated according to rules established in studies, or extended using similarity laws. Among other criteria, the technical and economic characteristics regarding micro-pump storage using 11 pumps as turbines controlled by a frequency converter for various generation and load scenarios are evaluated. The economical concept is based on a small company (e.g., a dairy farmer) reducing its electricity consumption from the grid by storing the electricity generated by a photovoltaic system in an MPS using a pump as a turbine. The results show that due to the high specific costs incurred, systems with a nominal output in excess of around 22 kW and with heads beyond approximately 70 m are the most profitable. In the most economical case, a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of 29.2 €cents/kWh and total storage efficiency of 42.0% is achieved by optimizing the system for the highest profitability.

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“…This improvement is quantified by the measurement of the indicators such as applied energy, dissipated energy by valves, friction losses, the minimum energy required, among others [2]. When a water system is evaluated by audit, one of the most significant sectors of the energy balance is the dissipated energy, which is carried out using pressure reduction valves (PRVs) [3]. The replacement of these valves by recovery systems is a solution to improve the energy balance of the water systems and to increase the use of clean technologies to satisfy the demand of one's own systems for the evolution to reach the maximum level of self-consumption [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Applicability of CFD Numerical Studies Applied to Problem When Pump Working as Turbine

Plua

Hidalgo

Jiménez

et al. 2021

Water

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The present research depicts an analysis of the implementation of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in the study of pumps such as turbines and PATs. To highlight the benefits of CFDs for PAT studies, results from both experimental tests have been compared to better understand the reproduction error phenomena. For this, data analysis used in successful models has been applied to determine variables and parameters, and to report a low relative error. The results show that most of the studies focused on fixed speed rotation with some cases of variable speed rotation. Furthermore, there is not enough information in the academic literature for PAT of axial and mixed flows with fixed and variable speed. Finally, turbulence models based on Reynolds average Navier–Stokes (RANS) have been used to simulate PATs with fixed speed rotation in most cases.

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Selection, control and techno-economic feasibility of Pumps as Turbines in Water Distribution Networks

Cited by 71 publications

References 66 publications

A Novel Distributed System of e-Vehicle Charging Stations Based on Pumps as Turbine to Support Sustainable Micromobility

A Novel Distributed System of e-Vehicle Charging Stations Based on Pumps as Turbine to Support Sustainable Micromobility

Roadmap to Profitability for a Speed-Controlled Micro-Hydro Storage System Using Pumps as Turbines

Analysis of Applicability of CFD Numerical Studies Applied to Problem When Pump Working as Turbine

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