Selection by parasites in spate conditions in wild Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata)

Oosterhout, Cock van; Mohammed, Ryan S.; Hansen, Haakon; Archard, Gabrielle A.; McMullan, Mark; Weese, Dylan J.; Cable, Joanne

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2006.12.016

Cited by 86 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…These migrants may be homozygous for alleles that are rare in the recipient downstream population, resulting in the observed heterozygote deficiency. Consistent with this explanation is the study by Barson et al (2009), who showed that the lowland Caroni populations also had a heterozygote deficit at highly polymorphic microsatellite markers that they explained by the inflow of migrants from upstream populations when the rivers were in spate during the wet season rains (van Oosterhout et al, 2007;McMullan and van Oosterhout, 2012).…”

Section: Divergent Selection For Opsin Genesmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The Aripo and Guanapo rivers have a series of waterfalls and weirs. Therefore, migration appears to be biased downstream because of floods, particularly during the wet season (van Oosterhout et al, 2007). Upstream migration over the waterfalls is severely limited, although the rate of gene flow is considerably higher than the mutation rate (Carvalho et al, 1991;van Oosterhout et al, 2006;Barson et al, 2009;Willing et al, 2010).…”

Section: Sample Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Divergent selection for opsin gene variation in guppy (Poecilia reticulata) populations of Trinidad and Tobago

et al. 2014

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The guppy is known to exhibit remarkable interindividual variations in spectral sensitivity of middle to long wavelength-sensitive (M/LWS) cone photoreceptor cells. The guppy has four M/LWS-type opsin genes (LWS-1, LWS-2, LWS-3 and LWS-4) that are considered to be responsible for this sensory variation. However, the allelic variation of the opsin genes, particularly in terms of their absorption spectrum, has not been explored in wild populations. Thus, we examined nucleotide variations in the four M/LWS opsin genes as well as blue-sensitive SWS2-B and ultraviolet-sensitive SWS1 opsin genes for comparison and seven non-opsin nuclear loci as reference genes in 10 guppy populations from various light environments in Trinidad and Tobago. For the first time, we discovered a potential spectral variation (180 Ser/Ala) in LWS-1 that differed at an amino acid site known to affect the absorption spectra of opsins. Based on a coalescent simulation of the nucleotide variation of the reference genes, we showed that the interpopulation genetic differentiation of two opsin genes was significantly larger than the neutral expectation. Furthermore, this genetic differentiation was significantly related to differences in dissolved oxygen (DO) level, and it was not explained by the spatial distance between populations. The DO levels are correlated with eutrophication that possibly affects the color of aquatic environments. These results suggest that the population diversity of opsin genes is significantly driven by natural selection and that the guppy could adapt to various light environments through color vision changes.

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Section: Divergent Selection For Opsin Genesmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Sample Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent selection for opsin gene variation in guppy (Poecilia reticulata) populations of Trinidad and Tobago

et al. 2014

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“…We found that guppies rapidly and repeatably evolved increased resistance to a common [21] and deleterious parasite [19,20] (Gyrodactylus spp.) after that parasite's experimental removal in nature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Experimental elimination of parasites in nature leads to the evolution of increased resistance in hosts

et al. 2013

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A reduction in the strength of selection is expected to cause the evolution of reduced trait expression. Elimination of a parasite should thus cause the evolution of reduced resistance to that parasite. To test this prediction in nature, we studied the fourth-and eighth-generation descendants of guppies (Poecilia reticulata) introduced into four natural streams following experimental elimination of a common and deleterious parasite (Gyrodactylus spp.). After two generations of laboratory rearing to control for plasticity and maternal effects, we infected individual fish to assess their resistance to the parasite. Contrary to theoretical expectations, the introduced guppy populations had rapidly and repeatably evolved increased resistance to the now-absent parasite. This evolution was not owing to a resistance-tolerance trade-off, nor to differences in productivity among the sites. Instead, a leading candidate hypothesis is that the rapid life-history evolution typical in such introductions pleiotropically increases parasite resistance. Our study adds a new dimension to the growing evidence for contemporary evolution in the wild, and also points to the need for a re-consideration of simple expectations from host-parasite theory. In particular, our results highlight the need for increased consideration of multiple sources of selection and pleiotropy when studying evolution in natural contexts.

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“…These characteristics result in a rapid increase in parasite numbers on an individual host and epidemic spread of infection through fish populations (Scott and Anderson, 1984). Infections by Gyrodactylus can cause high guppy mortality in the laboratory (Scott and Anderson, 1984;van Oosterhout et al, 2003;Cable and van Oosterhout, 2007a,b) and in nature (van Oosterhout et al, 2007). Not surprisingly, then, some evidence exists that guppy populations have evolved in response to Gyrodactylus, particularly through variation in the immune response (van Oosterhout et al, 2003) and at loci of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) (Fraser and Neff, 2009;Fraser et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing for local host–parasite adaptation: an experiment with Gyrodactylus ectoparasites and guppy hosts

Pérez‐Jvostov

Hendry

Fussmann

et al. 2015

International Journal for Parasitology

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Selection by parasites in spate conditions in wild Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata)

Cited by 86 publications

References 31 publications

Divergent selection for opsin gene variation in guppy (Poecilia reticulata) populations of Trinidad and Tobago

Divergent selection for opsin gene variation in guppy (Poecilia reticulata) populations of Trinidad and Tobago

Experimental elimination of parasites in nature leads to the evolution of increased resistance in hosts

Testing for local host–parasite adaptation: an experiment with Gyrodactylus ectoparasites and guppy hosts

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