Selection and Dietary Quality of Beef Cattle Grazing Smooth Bromegrass, Switchgrass, and Big Bluestem

Kirch, B.; Moser, Lowell E.; Waller, Steven S.; Klopfenstein, Terry J.; Aiken, Glen E.; Strickland, J. R.

doi:10.15232/s1080-7446(15)31039-1

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…Diet samples from each meal were collected by removal of ruminal contents after 1 h (Harris et al, 1967;Gelvin et al, 2004;Kirch et al, 2007) and ruminal contents removed prior to diet sampling were replaced. Diet samples were weighed and an aliquot (250 g) was dried (55°C for 36 h).…”

Section: Experiments 1: Validation Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of diet selection in cattle grazing cornstalk residues by measurement of chemical composition and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy of diet samples collected by ruminal evacuation

Petzel

Smart

St-Pierre

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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Six ruminally cannulated cows (570 ± 73 kg) fed corn residues were placed in a 6 × 6 Latin square to evaluate predictions of diet composition from ruminally collected diet samples. After complete ruminal evacuation, cows were fed 1-kg meals (dry matter [DM]-basis) containing different combinations of cornstalk and leaf and husk (LH) residues in ratios of 0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20, and 100:0. Diet samples from each meal were collected by removal of ruminal contents after 1-h and were either unrinsed, hand-rinsed or machine-rinsed to evaluate effects of endogenous compounds on predictions of diet composition. Diet samples were analyzed for neutral (NDF) and acid (ADF) detergent fiber, acid detergent insoluble ash (ADIA), acid detergent lignin (ADL), crude protein (CP), and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to calculate diet composition. Rinsing type increased NDF and ADF content and decreased ADIA and CP content of diet samples (P < 0.01). Rinsing tended to increase (P < 0.06) ADL content of diet samples. Differences in concentration between cornstalk and LH residues within each chemical component were standardized by calculating a coefficient of variation (CV). Accuracy and precision of estimates of diet composition were analyzed by regressing predicted diet composition and known diet composition. Predictions of diet composition were improved by increasing differences in concentration of chemical components between cornstalk and LH residues up to a CV of 22.6 ± 5.4%. Predictions of diet composition from unrinsed ADIA and machine-rinsed NIRS had the greatest accuracy (slope = 0.98 and 0.95, respectively) and large coefficients of determination (r2 = 0.86 and 0.74, respectively). Subsequently, a field study (Exp. 2) was performed to evaluate predictions of diet composition in cattle (646 ± 89 kg) grazing corn residue. Five cows were placed in 1 of 10 paddocks and allowed to graze continuously or to strip-graze corn residues. Predictions of diet composition from ADIA, ADL, and NIRS did not differ (P = 0.99), and estimates of cornstalk intake tended to be greater (P = 0.09) in strip-grazed compared to continuously grazed cows. These data indicate that diet composition can be predicted by chemical components or NIRS by ruminal collection of diet samples among cattle grazing corn residues.

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Section: Experiments 1: Validation Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of diet selection in cattle grazing cornstalk residues by measurement of chemical composition and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy of diet samples collected by ruminal evacuation

Petzel

Smart

St-Pierre

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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Comparison of stocking methods for beef production in northern Australia: seasonal diet quality and composition

Hall¹,

McIvor

Jones³

et al. 2016

Rangel. J.

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Managing and measuring the grazing and nutrition of cattle are required to improve the productivity and profitability of beef businesses in northern Australia. The quality and composition of the diet selected by cattle grazing in three stocking methods (continuous, extensive rotation and intensive (cell) rotation) on nine commercial properties in Queensland were estimated using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy analyses of fresh faeces; 585 faecal samples were analysed between 2005 and 2009. Sites were in two regions (north and south Queensland) and on two vegetation communities, namely brigalow (Acacia harpophylla F. Muell. ex Benth.) on clay soils and eucalypts on light-textured soil types. Pastures were dominated by perennial sown exotic grass species, predominantly Cenchrus ciliaris L. (buffel grass) at five sites and Urochloa mosambicensis (Hack.) (Sabi grass) at one site, and by native perennial tussock grasses at three sites. Seasonal profiles of dietary crude protein, dry matter digestibility, faecal nitrogen concentration, proportion of non-grass, ratio of crude protein to digestibility and an estimate of liveweight gain are presented for each stocking method. Overall, dietary crude protein, digestibility, faecal nitrogen, the crude protein : digestibility ratio and liveweight gain were significantly higher for animals grazed continuously, with short rest periods, than for animals in extensive or intensive rotations. There was a significant interaction between stocking method and pasture growing conditions, measured as a simulated growth index, for dietary crude protein and faecal nitrogen. There was no difference between stocking methods during periods when the index was <0.2, indicating no pasture growth, but during periods of active growth (index >0.5), crude protein and faecal nitrogen were higher with continuous grazing than in the extensive and intensive rotations. For cattle producers considering alternative stocking methods, the results suggest they can obtain similar ecological responses under any of the three methods and diet quality will be higher during the pasture growing period in continuously grazed pastures.

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Applying corn condensed distillers solubles to hay windrows before baling: Effects on bale temperature, nutrient composition, and growing steer-calf performance

Warner

Schneider

Erickson

et al. 2015

The Professional Animal Scientist

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Selection and Dietary Quality of Beef Cattle Grazing Smooth Bromegrass, Switchgrass, and Big Bluestem

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Estimates of diet selection in cattle grazing cornstalk residues by measurement of chemical composition and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy of diet samples collected by ruminal evacuation

Estimates of diet selection in cattle grazing cornstalk residues by measurement of chemical composition and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy of diet samples collected by ruminal evacuation

Comparison of stocking methods for beef production in northern Australia: seasonal diet quality and composition

Applying corn condensed distillers solubles to hay windrows before baling: Effects on bale temperature, nutrient composition, and growing steer-calf performance

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