Selecting soil hydraulic properties as indicators of soil health: Measurement response to management and site characteristics

Bagnall, Dianna K.; Morgan, Cristine L.S.; Bean, G. Mac; Liptzin, Daniel; Cappellazzi, Shannon B.; Cope, Michael; Greub, Kelsey L.H.; Rieke, Elizabeth L.; Norris, Charlotte E.; Tracy, P. W.; Aberle, Ezra; Ashworth, Amanda J.; Tavarez, Oscar Bañuelos; Bary, Andy I.; Baumhardt, R. Louis; Gracia, Alberto Borbón; Brainard, Daniel C.; Brennan, Jameson R.; Reyes, Dolores Briones; Bruhjell, Darren; Carlyle, Cameron N.; Crawford, James J.W.; Creech, Cody F.; Culman, Steve W.; Deen, Bill; Dell, Curtis J.; Derner, Justin D.; Ducey, Thomas F.; Duiker, Sjoerd W.; Dyck, Miles; Ellert, Benjamin H.; Entz, Martin H.; Solorio, Avelino Espinosa; Fonte, Steven J.; Fonteyne, Simon; Fortuna, Ann‐Marie; Foster, Jamie L.; Fultz, Lisa M.; Gamble, Audrey V.; Geddes, Charles M.; Griffin‐LaHue, Deirdre; Grove, John H.; Hamilton, Stephen K.; Hao, Xiying; Hayden, Zachary D.; Honsdorf, Nora; Howe, Julie A.; Ippolito, James A.; Johnson, Gregg A.; Kautz, Mark A.; Kitchen, Newell R.; Kumar, Sandeep; Kurtz, Kirsten S.M.; Larney, Francis J.; Lewis, Katie L.; Liebman, Matt; Ramírez, Andrés María; Machado, Stephen; Maharjan, Bijesh; Gamiño, Miguel Ángel Martínez; May, William E.; McClaran, Mitchel P.; McDaniel, Marshall D.; Millar, N.; Mitchell, Jeffrey P.; Moore, Amber; Moore, P.; Gutiérrez, Manuel Mora; Nelson, Kelly A.; Omondi, Emmanuel C.; Osborne, Shannon L.; Alcalá, Leodegario Osorio; Owens, P.R.; Pena‐Yewtukhiw, E. M.; Poffenbarger, Hanna J.; Lira, Brenda Ponce; Reeve, Jennifer R.; Reinbott, Timothy M.; Reiter, Mark S.; Ritchey, Edwin L.; Roozeboom, Kraig L.; Rui, Yichao; Sadeghpour, Amir; Sainju, Upendra M.; Sanford, Gregg R.; Schillinger, William F.; Schindelbeck, Robert R.; Schipanski, Meagan; Schlegel, Alan J.; Scow, Kate M.; Sherrod, Lucretia A.; Shober, Amy L.; Sidhu, Sudeep S.; Moya, Ernesto Solís; Luce, Mervin St.; Strock, Jeffrey S.; Suyker, Andrew E.; Sykes, Virginia R.; Tao, Haiying; Campos, Alberto Trujillo; Eerd, Laura L. Van; Es, Harold van; Verhulst, Nele; Vyn, Tony J.; Wang, Yutao; Watts, Dexter B.; Wright, David L.; Zhang, Tiequan; Honeycutt, C. Wayne

doi:10.1002/saj2.20428

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…In general, these studies found the largest increases in soil C stocks near the surface. While this manuscript has focused on the increase of SOC concentrations in response to management, bulk density did show a significant negative response to decreased tillage, organic nutrients, and residue retention in NAPESHM dataset (Bagnall et al, 2022). Because the change in SOC concentration was so much larger than the change in bulk density in the NAPESHM dataset, the effect size of the meta-analysis of C stocks would differ by less than 1%.…”

Section: Response To Managementmentioning

confidence: 79%

An evaluation of carbon indicators of soil health in long-term agricultural experiments

Liptzin¹,

Norris²,

Cappellazzi³

et al. 2022

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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Section: Response To Managementmentioning

confidence: 79%

An evaluation of carbon indicators of soil health in long-term agricultural experiments

Liptzin¹,

Norris²,

Cappellazzi³

et al. 2022

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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“…2), and management systems (Tables 1-8), each is unique and arguably very different from the next. NAPESHM results utilized these existing experiments with a wider network of sites to compare the response of soil measurements to similar soil health treatments across sites (e.g., Liptzin et al 2022;Rieke et al 2022;Bagnall et al 2022). These results highlight the importance of a large and wide network to discern a signal from the noise of highly variable site conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…1). Results from this project are now being published in aggregate from sites spanning from Mexico to Canada (Bagnall et al 2022;Liptzin et al 2022;Rieke et al 2022). We recognize there are other LTRs in Canada, but our objectives here are to use the NAPESHM sites in Canada to illustrate how LTRs are important to our national interest through (i) highlighting the breadth and depth of knowledge gained previously from the sites, (ii) illustrating the diversity of soils sampled and to provide a foundational background for future analysis, and (iii) discussing how these and other LTRs can continue to address future questions of stakeholders including governments, land managers, and society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The story of long-term research sites and soil health in Canadian agriculture

et al. 2023

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Canada’s interest in agricultural lands has changed with time from a desire of crop yields at Confederation through to discussions in the Senate on adaptation and resilience in 2018. Long-term research experiments (LTRs) have been present and utilized by federal and university researchers to provide answers throughout. Here we highlight the importance of LTRs by identifying the historical context of LTRs and soil health research in Canada. We then briefly describe the history and key results from select LTRs and illustrate the wealth of information collected from the North American Project to Evaluate Soil Health Measurements cross-country point-in-time soil sampling from these LTRs. We discuss the LTRs, and the knowledge gained from them, with the hope that by showing the distinctive narratives associated with each of these study sites, researchers will be inspired to use them to address their research questions and make sound predictions to facilitate the adaptation of Canadian agroecosystems to climate challenges. Through identifying the value generated by these unique LTRs, we hope that the importance of these sites will inspire not only their continued maintenance, but also a next generation of LTRs.

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“…Overall, bulk density values at both depths were lower than 1.55 g cm −3 , which is the bulk density considered to be root-restrictive for silt loam soils (Kaufmann et al, 2010). Nevertheless, lowered bulk densities are an indication of higher organic matter content, greater porosity, and improved soil hydraulic function (Kaufmann et al, 2010;Bagnal et al, 2022). The lower bulk density after 2 years of perennial forage, regardless of tillage, thus suggested that soils had better structure in support of root growth.…”

Section: Bulk Density and Calculation Of Total Organic C By Volumementioning

confidence: 94%

Integrated weed management with strategic tillage can maintain soil quality in continuous living cover systems

McPheeters

Bruns²,

Karsten³

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Maximizing living cover and minimizing soil disturbance with no-till are key strategies in regenerative row-crop production. Although living cover and no-till can increase beneficial soil carbon and water stable aggregates (WSA), annual crops in rotation with perennials often rely on herbicides to control weeds and terminate perennials. Integrated weed management (IWM) reduces reliance on herbicides by employing multiple weed control strategies including tillage and/or cultivation. However, many no-till growers are reluctant to implement some soil disturbance due to concerns about negative impacts on soil health. For that reason, we hypothesized that compared to continuous no-till and standard herbicides (NT-SH), a strategic inversion tillage in IWM (ST-IWM) would result in lower soil carbon and WSA in the year following the tillage event. We also hypothesized that soil carbon and WSA would not differ between the two systems when sampled after cover cropping and 2 years of perennials. We tested these hypotheses within a 6-year, diverse, dairy crop rotation initiated in 2010 in central Pennsylvania in a channery silt loam soil. The systems were compared in split-plots in a full crop entry experiment, where the six phases of the crop rotation were planted every year in a randomized complete block design, replicated four times. We compared the soil health indicators in spring 2010 prior to the start of the experiment and in 2013 and 2019 following inversion tillage (ST-IWM) or herbicide termination (NT-SH) of the perennial forage in the first year of the rotation. We also compared these indicators in the sixth year of the rotation after 3 years of annual and cover crops and 2 years of perennial forage. We sampled at two depths: 0–5 and 5–15 cm for total carbon and bulk density, 0–5 cm for labile carbon and 0–15 cm for WSA. Results indicate that despite initial smaller soil health values in the ST-IWM system following inversion tillage, all properties except labile carbon were similar to the NT-SH system in the sixth year of the rotation.

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Selecting soil hydraulic properties as indicators of soil health: Measurement response to management and site characteristics

Cited by 25 publications

References 95 publications

An evaluation of carbon indicators of soil health in long-term agricultural experiments

An evaluation of carbon indicators of soil health in long-term agricultural experiments

The story of long-term research sites and soil health in Canadian agriculture

Integrated weed management with strategic tillage can maintain soil quality in continuous living cover systems

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