Selecting salt-tolerant clones and evaluating genetic variability to obtain parents of new diploid and tetraploid germplasm in rhodesgrass (Chloris gayana K.)

Ribotta, A.; Griffa, S.; Díaz, D. G.; Carloni, E.; Colomba, E. López; Tommasino, E.; Quiroga, M.; Luna, Claudia Verónica; Grunberg, Karina

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2012.10.001

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Tetraploid species have been considered physiologically efficient due to improved gas exchange characteristics; i.e., carbon exchange rates, water use efficiency, transpiration and stomatal conductance [77] (Table 4). A natural polysomic tetraploid population of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana L.) retained higher genetic diversity than its diploid form, which led to diversifying adaptation mechanisms to salinity stress [78]. In contrast, polysomic tetraploid perennial ryegrass had lower persistence than its diploid form due to reduced root biomass and profuse tillering [79].…”

Section: Stress Tolerance After Induced Polyploidymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salinity Chloris gayana L. (Rhodes grass) Wild genetic diversity in tetraploid species may be useful for making selection for salinity tolerance [78] Water stress tolerance Eight Cenchrus species Morphological traits such as plant height, leaf rolling and wilting indicated higher water stress tolerance in natural polysomic tetraploid species [81] Water stress tolerance Lolium multiflorum Lam. and Lolium perenne L.…”

Section: Species Resistance Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Induced Polyploidy: A Tool for Forage Species Improvement

et al. 2021

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Polyploidy means having more than two basic sets of chromosomes. Polyploid plants may be artificially obtained through chemical, physical and biological (2n gametes) methods. This approach allows an increased gene scope and expression, thus resulting in phenotypic changes such as yield and product quality. Nonetheless, breeding new cultivars through induced polyploidy should overcome deleterious effects that are partly contributed by genome and epigenome instability after polyploidization. Furthermore, shortening the time required from early chromosome set doubling to the final selection of high yielding superior polyploids is a must. Despite these hurdles, plant breeders have successfully obtained polyploid bred-germplasm in broad range of forages after optimizing methods, concentration and time, particularly when using colchicine. These experimental polyploids are a valuable tool for understanding gene expression, which seems to be driven by dosage dependent gene expression, altered gene regulation and epigenetic changes. Isozymes and DNA-based markers facilitated the identification of rare alleles for particular loci when compared with diploids, and also explained their heterozygosity, phenotypic plasticity and adaptability to diverse environments. Experimentally induced polyploid germplasm could enhance fresh herbage yield and quality, e.g., leaf protein content, leaf total soluble solids, water soluble carbohydrates and sucrose content. Offspring of experimentally obtained hybrids should undergo selection for several generations to improve their performance and stability.

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Section: Stress Tolerance After Induced Polyploidymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Species Resistance Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Induced Polyploidy: A Tool for Forage Species Improvement

et al. 2021

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“…Tetraploid species have been considered physiologically efficient due to improved gas exchange characteristics; i.e., carbon exchange rates, water use efficiency, transpiration and stomatal conductance [67] (Table 4). Natural polysomic tetraploid population of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana L.) retained higher genetic diversity than the diploid form, which could help express diversified mechanisms for adaptation to salinity stress [68]. In contrast, polysomic tetraploid Lolium perenne expressed lower persistence than its diploid form due to lower root biomass and profuse tillering [69].…”

Section: Stress Tolerance Of the Induced Polyploidymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scope of Whole Genome Duplication in Forages: A Plant Breeder Perspective

Rauf¹,

Ortíz²,

Malinowski³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Polyploidy is a condition of having more than two sets of chromosomes. Polyploid plants may be artificially obtained through chemical, physical and biological methods (2n gametes). It is considered an interesting approach due to increased genescope and expression, thus resulting in phenotypic changes, such as yield and product quality. Nonetheless, breeding new cultivars through induced polyploidy should overcome deleterious effects partly contributed by genome and epigenome instability after polyploidization. Furthermore, shortening the time required from early chromosome set doubling to the final selection of high yielding superior polyploids is a must. Despite these hurdles, plant breeders have successfully obtained polyploid bred-germplasm in broad range of forages from optimized application methods, concentration and time mainly using colchicine. These experimental polyploids proved to be a valuable tool for understanding gene expression that is driven by dosage dependent gene expression, altered gene regulation and epigenetic changes. Isozymes and DNA-based markers aided on the identification of rare alleles for particular loci when compared with diploids, which may explain their heterozygosity, phenotypic plasticity and adaptability to diverse environments. It has also been observed that experimentally induced polyploid germplasm could enhance fresh herbage yield and quality, e.g. leaf protein content, leaf total soluble solids, water soluble carbohydrates and sucrose content. Offspring of experimentally obtained hybrids underwent selection for several generations to improve their performance and stability.

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“…A genetic linkage map of Rhodes grass was developed using AFLP and RFLP markers [12]. However, in most cases, the markers were used to differentiate a small number of known cultivars [8][9][10][11][12][13]. In addition, as only a few cultivars were included, the scope of these studies was limited to inferring how the results would apply to the wider genetic diversity and population structure in the Rhodes grass germplasm from around the world.…”

Section: Genetic Diversity and Population Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional molecular marker technologies, such as inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP), sequence-related amplified polymorphisms (SRAP) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP), have been used to study a few known Rhodes grass cultivars [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Despite its potential economic importance in drought and saline affected environments and the fact that it is a genetically polymorphic species, genomic studies have been limited making Rhodes grass one of the orphan crops in the application of molecular genetics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of a Rhodes Grass (<em>Chloris gayana</em>) Collection

Negawo¹,

Muktar²,

Assefa³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth) is one of the most important forage grasses used throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Enhancing the conservation and use of genetic resources requires the development of knowledge and understanding about the existing global diversity of the species. In this study, 104 Rhodes grass accessions, held in trust in the ILRI forage genebank, were characterized using DArTSeq markers to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure, and to develop representative subsets, of the collection. The genotyping produced 193,988 SNP and 142,522 SilicoDArT markers with an average polymorphic information content of 0.18 and 0.26, respectively. Hierarchical clustering using selected informative markers showed the presence of two and three main clusters using SNP and SilicoDArT markers, respectively, with a cophenetic correction coefficient of 82 %. Bayesian population structure analysis also showed the presence of two main subpopulations using both marker types indicating the existence of significant genetic variation in the collection. A representative subset, containing 21 accessions from diverse origins, was developed using the SNP markers. In general, the results revealed substantial genetic diversity in the Rhodes grass collection and the generated molecular information, together with the developed subset, should help enhance the management, use and improvement of Rhodes grass germplasm in the future.

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Selecting salt-tolerant clones and evaluating genetic variability to obtain parents of new diploid and tetraploid germplasm in rhodesgrass (Chloris gayana K.)

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Induced Polyploidy: A Tool for Forage Species Improvement

Induced Polyploidy: A Tool for Forage Species Improvement

Scope of Whole Genome Duplication in Forages: A Plant Breeder Perspective

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of a Rhodes Grass (<em>Chloris gayana</em>) Collection

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