Selecting Rice Genotypes Tolerant to Zinc Deficiency and Sodicity Stresses. I. Differences in Zinc, Iron, Manganese, Copper, Phosphorus Concentrations, and Phosphorus/Zinc Ratio in Their Leaves

Qadar, Ali

doi:10.1081/pln-120003376

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It was subsequently found to be a widespread phenomenon in lowland rice areas of Asia, and, next to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deficiency; Zn deficiency is now considered the most widespread nutrient disorder in lowland rice (Quijano-Guerta et al, 2002). High soil pH appears to be the main factor associated with the widespread Zn deficiency in the calcareous soils of the IndoGangetic plains of India and Pakistan (Qadar, 2002). Zn deficiency can be corrected by adding Zn compounds to the soil or plant, but the high cost associated with applying Zn fertilizers in sufficient quantities to overcome Zn deficiency places considerable burden on resourcepoor farmers and it has therefore been suggested that breeding efforts should be intensified to improve the tolerance to Zn deficiency in rice cultivars (QuijanoGuerta et al, 2002;Singh et al, 2003).…”

Section: Amanullahmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus and Zinc Interaction Influence Leaf Area Index in Fine vs. Coarse Rice (Oryza sativa L) Genotypes in Northwest Pakistan

Amanullah¹,

Inamullah²,

Shah³

et al. 2016

JPSP

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Leaf area index (LAI) is a measure of leafiness per unit ground area and denotes the extent of photosynthetic machinery is an important growth and yield-determining factor because it is a major determinant of light interception and transpiration. Phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) are the most important factors affecting LAI of rice (Oryza sativa L.). A field experiment was conducted to assess the impact of phosphorus (0, 40, 80, 120 kg P/ ha) and zinc levels (0, 5, 10, 15 kg Zn/ha) on LAI of rice (O. sativa L.) genotypes (fine and coarse [Fakhr-e-Malakand and Pukhraj]). The experiment was conducted on farmer field at Batkhela, Malakadnd in Northwest Pakistan during summer 2011 and 2012. When combined over the 2 years, the data revealed that the highest LAI at three different growth stages (tillering, heading, and physiological maturity [PM]) was obtained with application of the highest P level (120 kg/ha) being at par with 80 kg P/ha, while the lowest LAI was recorded when P was not applied. Similarly, the highest LAI was obtained with application of the two higher Zn levels (10 and 15 kg Zn/ha), while the lowest LAI was recorded when Zn was not applied. In the case of rice genotypes, the highest LAI was obtained from Pukhraj than other two genotypes at all growth stages. The other two rice genotypes (Fakher-e-Malakand and Basmati-385) produced statistically similar LAI at different growth stages. The higher LAI of Pukhraj was attributed to its long and wider leaves that resulted in higher mean single leaf area, leaf area per tiller, per hill, and per square meter. The LAI was the highest at heading stage than at early (tillering) and later (PM) growth stages. The increase in LAI was attributed to the increase in tillers number and leaf area/hill. The increase in LAI showed a positive impact on crop growth rate, dry matter, and yield. Application of 120 kg P+10 kg Zn/ha to rice genotype Pukhraj was more beneficial in terms of higher LAI and productivity in the study area.

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Section: Amanullahmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus and Zinc Interaction Influence Leaf Area Index in Fine vs. Coarse Rice (Oryza sativa L) Genotypes in Northwest Pakistan

Amanullah¹,

Inamullah²,

Shah³

et al. 2016

JPSP

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“…Studies on the effect of low Zn availability in rice have usually regarded the occurrence and extent of leaf bronzing as indications of Zn deficiency (Cayton et al, 1985;Qadar, 2002). Genotypes were considered tolerant to Zn deficiency if they showed few leaf symptoms, and this was generally accompanied by lower mortality and higher dry matter.…”

Section: Genetic Factors Associated With Tolerance To Zn Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tolerant cultivars may have lower Zn requirements or translocate relatively more Zn from roots to shoots (Cayton et al, 1985). However, nutrient balances within plant shoots, such as iron (Fe) to Zn, Mg to Zn, P to Zn, manganese (Mn) to Zn, and copper (Cu) to Zn ratios, appear to be more important than tissue-Zn concentrations (Cayton et al, 1985;Qadar, 2002). It was concluded that high translocation of Zn to shoots and reduced translocation of Fe, Mg, P, Mn, and Cu would be an important tolerance mechanism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zn deficiency has been associated with a wide range of soil conditions: high pH (.7.0), low available Zn content, prolonged submergence and low redox potential, high organic matter and bicarbonate content, high magnesium (Mg) to calcium (Ca) ratio, and high available P (for review, see Neue and Lantin, 1994). High soil pH appears to be the main factor associated with the widespread Zn deficiency in the calcareous soils of the Indo-Gangetic plains of India and Pakistan (Qadar, 2002), whereas perennial wetness is the major cause for Zn deficiency on peat soils and in coastal saline soils (Neue and Lantin, 1994;Quijano-Guerta et al, 2002). On our experimental site, located close to the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Philippines, Van Breemen and Castro (1980) associated Zn deficiency with low redox potential due to perennial flooding and a high organic matter content.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Zinc Deficiency on Rice Growth and Genetic Factors Contributing to Tolerance

Wissuwa

Ismail²,

Yanagihara³

2006

Plant Physiology

190

126

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Zinc (Zn) deficiency is the most widespread micronutrient disorder in rice (Oryza sativa), but efforts to develop cultivars with improved tolerance have been hampered by insufficient understanding of genetic factors contributing to tolerance. The objective of this paper was to examine alternative evaluation methods and to identify the most informative traits that would provide realistic information for rice breeders and to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with tolerance. Screening experiments in low-Zn nutrient solution and in a Zn-deficient field did not produce similar tolerance rankings in a set of segregating lines, which suggested that rhizosphere effects were of greater importance for lowland rice than internal Zn efficiency. The most severe symptom in the field was high plant mortality. The occurrence of leaf bronzing, usually regarded as indicative of susceptibility, did not necessarily concur with high plant mortality, which implied that both were under independent genetic control. The QTL mapping experiment conducted in the field with a population derived from a cross of IR74 (intolerant) with Jalmagna (tolerant) largely confirmed this. Four QTLs associated with plant mortality were detected, and only one of those colocalized with one of the four QTLs detected for leaf bronzing. The two most influential QTLs for plant mortality were detected on chromosomes 2 and 12. They explained 16.6% and 24.2% of the variation, and alleles of the tolerant donor parent Jalmagna reduced mortality by 16.6% and 14.8%, respectively. QTLs for plant mortality acted in a purely additive manner, whereas digenic epistatic interactions were important for leaf bronzing.

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“…Due to these soil characteristics, most of the zinc (Zn) applied as fertilizer is adsorbed and only little is recovered by rice crop during the growth period (Tahir et al, 1992;Rahman et al, 2002). High soil pH is considered to be the most crucial factor in causing Zn deficiency in Pakistani soils (Qadar, 2002). In addition, Zn deficiency is also wide spread in these soils (Rashid et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and Zinc Interaction Improves Yield and Quality of Submerged Basmati Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.)

Ali

Hasnain

Sarwar

et al. 2014

Not Bot Hort Agrobot Cluj

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Nitrogen (N) and zinc (Zn) are the two major yield-limiting factors of flooded rice cultivation systems. Both nutrients interact and affect availability of the other in alkaline calcareous soils. In order to evaluate the interactive effects of N and Zn on yield and quality of Basmati rice, a field study was conducted at Sheikhupura (Site I) and Sargodha (Site II), Pakistan. Nitrogen treatments (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg/ha) were kept in main blocks while zinc levels (0, 8, 10, 12 and 14 kg/ha) were kept in sub blocks. The main effects of N and Zn levels were significant for grain yield and yield attributes. N and Zn interaction significantly improved the grain yield, yield components and all kernel quality parameters, except kernel amylose contents. Combined application of 120 kg N/ha and 14 kg Zn/ha produced the maximum grain yields at both sites (6.12 and 5.78 t/ha). This combination also yielded the maximum kernel lengths and widths, water absorption ratio and kernel protein contents. There was a significant positive correlation between grain yield and total dry matter, panicle-bearing tillers, spikelets panicle, grain weight, and harvest index. Application of 160 kg N/ha was detrimental to yield and quality attributes and reduced the agronomic efficiency of N use at both sites. Site comparison showed that soil pH and soil nutrient contents play a significant role in determination of the optimum nitrogen and zinc fertilizer doses for maximum yields.

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Selecting Rice Genotypes Tolerant to Zinc Deficiency and Sodicity Stresses. I. Differences in Zinc, Iron, Manganese, Copper, Phosphorus Concentrations, and Phosphorus/Zinc Ratio in Their Leaves

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

Phosphorus and Zinc Interaction Influence Leaf Area Index in Fine vs. Coarse Rice (Oryza sativa L) Genotypes in Northwest Pakistan

Phosphorus and Zinc Interaction Influence Leaf Area Index in Fine vs. Coarse Rice (Oryza sativa L) Genotypes in Northwest Pakistan

Effects of Zinc Deficiency on Rice Growth and Genetic Factors Contributing to Tolerance

Nitrogen and Zinc Interaction Improves Yield and Quality of Submerged Basmati Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.)

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