Selecting Glass Window with Film for Buildings in a Hot Climate

Abstract

This article is about the developing parameters and relationships for selecting a proper glass window applied with film as building envelopes for buildings located in a hot climate based on its thermal performances. Thermal comfort of the occupants sitting near the glass window is the thermal performance that needed to be considered besides the heat transmission in selecting a proper type of glass to use as a glass window for the building. The predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) is chosen as a thermal comfort index. 45 types of film and 1280 glass windows with film are investigated in this study. It can be shown that the thermal comfort index is dependent on the optical properties (total transmittance and total absorptance) and the overall heat transfer coefficient of glass windows with film. Glass window with film which has high transmittance shall have more discomfort due to solar radiation effect. Glass window with film which has high absorptance shall have more discomfort due to surface temperature effect. The discomfort from the surface temperature effect for double pane glass window with film is also dependent on the glass thickness other than the absorptance and the change in overall heat transfer coefficient. Expressions for predicting the performance of the glass windows with film in terms of thermal comfort are developed

Role of building material in thermal comfort in tropical climates – A review

“…Glass windows affect the building by heat transmission and compromised thermal comfort [133][134][135][136][137][138][139] and studies by Chaiyapinunt et al, showed that the thermal comfort was dependent on the optical properties (total transmittance and total absorbance) and the overall heat transfer coefficient of type of glass used in windows [140]. Singh et al, have also studied the impact of different glazing systems on human thermal comfort in an Indian scenario [141].…”

Effect of green colour on glass quality

“…NaNO 3 (Neodymium oxide)  Physicochemical Method: These methods depends on the addition of colouring agents which compliment the green colour such as oxides of selenium and cobalt, as well as the oxidation of ferrous oxide to ferric oxide by using oxidative agents such as sodium nitrate [8,9,11,13and14].…”

“…Although, national studies and reports available [1,2] had shown that raw material from certain districts local causes defects in glass manufactured, specially the presence of green colour as a result of the presence of ferric oxides in limestone used in glass manufacturing. Studies available on the effect of ferric oxides on the presence of green colour in glass [3,4] had shown that increase of ferric oxide content in raw material had increased the presence of green colour, meanwhile this causes decreased in demand for the glass as well as direct effect on the physical properties of glass [5][6][7]. Therefore this research aims to study the effect of green colour on the transmitivity of glass, and study the possibilities of reducing green colour in glass produced, as well as the necessity of finding new quarries for limestone with lower ferrous oxide contents.…”

Effect of installing a venetian blind to a glass window on human thermal comfort

“…To reduce this solar heat gain and maintain thermal comfort for the occupants, air conditioning systems are required. A considerable amount of research has been conducted on thermal performance of glass windows in terms of heat transmission and thermal comfort: Athienitis and Haghighat [1]; Gan [2]; Chaiyapinunt et al [3]; La Gennusa et al [4]; La Gennusa et al [5]; Singh et al [6]; Chaiyapinunt and Khamporn [7]; Dong et al [8]; Hwang and Shu [9] and Khamporn and Chaiyapinunt [10]. However, when a building is actually used, occupants often install venetian blinds as an indoor shading device to reduce glare and maintain privacy.…”