Selected routine laboratory tests in the clinical assessment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Abstract

Introduction, Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic disease characterized by repetitive complete or partial occlusion of the upper airways during sleep with respiratory muscle effort, which leads to consecutive apneas and hypopneas. Obstruction of the upper airways during sleep leads to repetitive episodes of disrupted airflow and consequent changes in blood oxygenation, resulting in hypoxaemia and hypercapnia. Intermittent hypoxaemia induces the production of proinflammatory factors and promotes metabolic dysregulation and platelet aggregation. Objective. The main aim of this study was to determine differences, if any, in selected standard parameters in routine laboratory tests often used in GP practice between patients with obstructive sleep apnea, without comorbidities, and a well-defined control group with the absence of this syndrome proven in polygraphic examination. Materials and method. Of the 192 clinically assessed persons with suspected OSA and admitted to the Internal Medicine Department in Lublin, 85 were qualified for the study after application of exclusion criteria. Demographic and health behaviour-related data, medical history regarding sleep habits and cardiovascular disease, were collected from each patient. Results. Apart from significantly higher MCV and MCH among the cpontrol group, no significant differences were found between patients with obstructive sleep apnea and the control group. Conclusions. The results can be useful for the holistic assessment of the health status of patients with newly-diagnosed OSA.