Selected radar images of man‐made underground galleries

Abstract

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR), as a high-resolution geophysical prospecting method, has proved to be a very useful tool in archaeological site investigations, especially in the detection and identification of tunnels and galleries. This work shows seven selected profiles collected at four different archaeological sites in Spain and Mexico, with a wide variety of targets, not only in terms of their size (from 1 ð 1 m to 3 ð 4 m) but also in their depth (from 0.5 to 7 m). In all, 14 galleries and/or tunnels were detected. The approach to these studies was organized in two ways: firstly the presence of a known subsoil was used to compare the response of different antennae looking for these kinds of targets; secondly, GPR was used to find unknown historical galleries before any excavation took place. The equipment used in these studies were the SIR-8, with 120 and 500 MHz monostatic antennae, and PulseEkko IV, with 100 MHz bistatic antennae.

Non‐destructive electrical resistivity tomography for indoor investigation: the case of Kapnikarea Church in Athens

“…In addition, a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey in the Taj Mahal in India has been conducted by Vaish and Sharma (2000). Operations inside churches in particular have been reported by Perez et al (1998), Colla and Maierhofer (2000), Leckebusch (2000), Lorenzo et al (2002) and (Leucci, 2002). Colleagues at the laboratory where the present authors are employed have reported operations in the castle of Lefkas (Savvaidis et al, 1999), in the church of Protaton in Mount Athos in northern Greece and on the wall of the Acropolis of Athens (Tsokas et al, 2006).…”

Applications of GPR for Humanitarian Assistance and Security

“…As demonstrated by several publications within the past decades (Daniels 1988;Pérez-Gracia et al 2000;Lorenzo et al 2002;Martinaud et al 2004;Solla et al 2010;Lazȃr et al 2011), GPR is an effective tool to locate shallow man-made constructions, or cavities, and their interpretations in terms of structural shapes, dimensions, estimation of building materials and fillings, as well as the analysis of their state of conservation. Valová and Glisníková (2011) present a GPR study to ascertain the existence of passages under a chapel.…”

Large‐area high‐resolution ground‐penetrating radar measurements for archaeological prospection

“…Originally, GPR surveys for archaeological prospection merely comprised the collection of two-dimensional profile sections along individual lines. Over the past years, the number of publications in the field of geophysical archaeological prospection presenting the acquisition and analysis of individual vertical GPR profiles (Lück & Eisenreich, 1999;Pipan, Baradello, Forte, & Finetti, 2001;Lorenzo, Hernández, & Cuéllar, 2002;Papamarinopoulos, Liosis, Polymenakos, Stephanopoulos, & Limnaeou-Papakosta, 2003;Leopold & Völkel, 2004;Persson & Olofsson, 2004;Abbas, Kamei, Helal, Atya, & Shaaban, 2005) has been decreasing. Nowadays, presentations of GPR profile sections occur mostly for specific studies of the involved stratigraphy, and for the improved understanding of the imaged structures and the vertical extent of detected anomalies.…”