Selected issues connected with determination of requirements of spectral properties of camouflage patterns

Spectral characteristics of moist birch leaves and synthetic materials: experimental studies and evaluation of models

“…Spectrally, this means reducing material contrast to the background by capturing the background reflectance and transmittance properties, ensuring that the camouflage material and the background reflects and transmits light similarly over any relevant wavelength range. [1][2][3][4][5] Spatial matching with the background is normally ensured through frequency and orientation optimization. [5][6][7][8][9][10] In the years to come, electro-optical sensors are expected to become smaller, more widespread, cost-effective, and capable.…”

“…Concealing a person or object is increasingly difficult and demands multi-spectral as well as spectrally optimized camouflage material to provide protection against several sensor threats. 3,[11][12][13] Camouflage nets typically consist of fabrics arranged in multiple layers when viewed from the perspective of incident light rays and may be comprised of a background material covered with leaf-like patches. Textiles for uniforms are typically made of single layer, and their effective optical thickness is a result of a compromise of several needs, rather than just the desired spectral reflectance properties.…”

“…According to known literature, several studies have been carried out assessing camouflage net effectiveness 11,12,[17][18][19][20] and camouflage textile effectiveness 3,5,6,8,[21][22][23][24] but mainly considering spectral reflectance (or pattern) background matching. Little has been reported on spectral transmission properties of camouflage materials as a function of both (i) the number of layers in a stack and (ii) wavelength.…”