Selected Biochemical Blood Parameters and a Risk of Pressure Ulcers in Patients Receiving Treatment in Intensive Care Units

Abstract

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the level of selected biochemical parameters in venous blood and their potential effects on the development of pressure ulcers in patients treated in intensive care settings. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients hospitalised in an intensive care unit (ICU) were enrolled for the study. The methods used included controlled observation, literature review and medical record analysis. The observation protocol applied in the study consisted of two parts comprising the basic information, sociodemographic data, results of laboratory tests (CRP, PCT, albumin, protein and haemoglobin concentrations) as well as the Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Ulcer Risk. Results: The subjects presented moderate to high risk of pressure ulcers, reflected by the mean score of 8.18 ± 1.3 points, with minimum and maximum scores of 6 and 12 points, respectively. Normal albumin level was identified in only five subjects (10.0%) while 45 subjects (90.0%) were found with results below the norm. A statistical relationship was observed between such variables as albumin concentration (p < 0.01) and total protein level (p = 0.007). The findings show a strong correlation between the score in the Braden Scale and the level of albumins (R = 0.55). Conclusions: In our study, lower concentrations of albumins and total proteins correspond to a greater risk of pressure ulcers.

Biomarkers and clinical features associated with pressure injury among geriatric patients

“…It coincides with previous studies reporting that increased CRP is associated with decreasing mobility and subsequent higher risk of PI [10,25]. Also, the lower serum albumin and TPs could be related to malnutrition, a common problem among hospitalized and community-dwelling older patients, making it a well-known risk factor of PI [26].…”

“…A previous study also highlighted the role of multimorbidity and reported it as a risk factor for PI [27]. These findings are similar to previous results showing a negative correlation between BS and CRP (r -0.15, p-value 0.295) [26], as elevated CRP correlates with inflammation and poor general medical condition and could be used as a laboratory biomarker in PI [28]. Accordingly, the provision of novel predictive models containing these laboratory biomarkers could overcome reported limitations of BS in PI prediction in some studies [23,29].…”

“…Based on Pearson's correlation analysis, the study showed a significant positive linear correlation between the BS and serum albumin (r 0.31, p-value <0.001), coinciding with a previous study reporting a positive but stronger correlation (r 0.55) [26]. Notably, BS had a negative and significant correlation with CCI, CRP, and CAR.…”

Management of a heel wound as part of the holistic care of patients at the end of their lives – a literature review and own professional experience

“…Poziom albumin jest uważany za informacje o wyniszczeniu bądź niedożywieniu, jak i wskaźnik nasilenia stanu zapalnego. Restrykcje dietetyczne nie zawsze powodują obniżenie poziomu albumin, dlatego stan zapalny w większym stopniu wpływa na obniżenie ich stężenia [6,15,39,40].…”

“…na dobę, podaż płynów 30-35 ml na kg mc. [27,29,30,40]. Pomimo ogólnych wytycznych, należy ze względu na zmniejszone zapotrzebowanie na składniki pokarmu i płyny indywidualnie planować zapotrzebowanie żywieniowe, zwłaszcza u chorych objętych opieką paliatywną.…”