Selected Aliphatic and Aromatic Nitrogen Compounds

Abstract

This is an update of a previous chapter. It presents an evaluation of the toxicological potential of a number of aliphatic and aromatic nitrogen compounds, with information on their use, production, and exposure scenarios. These compounds were originally selected on the basis of their use in industry. In general, there has been little new information published in the literature that has significantly altered the previous profile of each compound. The three‐membered ring compounds discussed are ethyleneimine, propylenenimine, and triethylenemelamine. They are alkylating agents and have toxicological properties similar to nitrogen mustards. Six nitrogen mustards and their hydrochlorides are discussed as a group of chemicals. Furthermore, data on representatives of five‐membered ring nitrogen compounds (pyrrolidine, N ‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) and of six‐membered ring compounds (piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, and hexamethylenetetramine) are included. Captan, captafol, and folpet—three N ‐sulfenyl phthalimide fungicides—and benomyl, carbendazim, and thiophanate‐methyl—benzimidazole fungicides—are evaluated as separate groups. Data on 1‐ H ‐benzotriazol are also included in this chapter. The subchapter of each compound or group of compounds includes the physical and chemical properties, information as to use and production, data on the toxicological potential, and standards, regulations, or guidelines of exposure. In addition, data on the environmental impact of each compound or group of compounds are presented and evaluated.