Select 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors Vary in Their Ability to Reduce Egg Yolk Cholesterol Levels in Laying Hens through Alteration of Hepatic Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Plasma VLDL Composition

Elkin, Robert G.; Yan, Zhihong; Yuan, Zuyi; Donkin, Shawn S.; Buhman, Kimberly K.; Story, Jon A.; Turek, John; Porter, Robert E.; Anderson, Mitchell; Homan, Reynold; Newton, Roger S.

doi:10.1093/jn/129.5.1010

Cited by 52 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Apparently, reducing serum cholesterol concentration was consistently followed by decreasing of egg cholesterol content Liver and ovary are the primary organ of cholesterol synthesis in laying hen. However, there is little, if any, direct transfer of ovariansynthesized cholesterol to develop oocyte (Elkin et al,1999). Thus, the contribution of the ovaries on egg cholesterol levels are minimal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Garlic Powder in Laying Hen: Low Cholesterol Egg?

Rahardja

Hakim

Pakiding

et al. 2010

J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric.

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Forty laying hens Hysex Brown consisting of 2 age groups (27 and 77 weeks of age) were used in the study to elucidate the hypocholesterolemic effect of garlic powder on egg production, serum and egg cholesterol. They were caged individually and fed diet containing 0 (control), 1, 2, and 4% oven dried garlic powder for 4 periods of 4 weeks. The old hens consumed more food compared to those of the young one, while water consumption was in the reverse condition. The egg production indicated by the young hens fed dietary 1 and 2% garlic powder was significantly higher than those fed control diet. However, the old hens produced heavier eggs than those of the young hens, particularly when 1% garlic powder was supplemented. There was a closed relationship between serum and egg cholesterol, which reduced gradually with longer time the hens fed dietary garlic. The results clearly demonstrated that the laying hens fed dietary garlic powder up to 4% produced egg containing lower cholesterol (-34%) compared to those fed control diet; The hypocholesterolemic effect of garlic powder is apparently higher in the old hen compared to that in the young hen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Garlic Powder in Laying Hen: Low Cholesterol Egg?

Rahardja

Hakim

Pakiding

et al. 2010

J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric.

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“…Thus, the value of t 1/2kel obtained in turkey was also lower compared to the data from humans or pigs, but the differences were not so large as compared to the differences in C max . In a previous study reduction of cholesterol level in eggs was observed in laying hens treated with SIM at a daily dosage of 60 mg/hen (Elkin et al 1999). The obtained results suggest that for effective reduction of cholesterol level in products of poultry origin much more higher doses of SIM should be used compared to those used in humans.…”

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (also called statins) are known to decrease plasma cholesterol by inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis. Elkin et al (1999) showed that SIM reduced egg cholesterol contents in laying hens as well as liver and plasma cholesterol concentrations. Due to the significant contribution of cholesterol in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and Correspondence to: J. Jaroszewski, e-mail: jerzyj@uwm.edu.pl, tel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pharmacokinetics of orally administered simvastatin in turkeys

Jasiecka¹,

Grabowski²,

Maślanka³

et al. 2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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The aim of the present study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of simvastatin (SIM) administered orally in 6-week-old turkeys at a single dose of 2 mg/kg b.w. The SIM concentrations in plasma were determined by validated HPLC-MS/MS method. Mean (± SD; n = 10) values of pharmacokinetic parameters evaluated were as follows: C max = 0.49 ± 0.21 ng/ml, t max = 1.6 ± 1.1 h, AUC (0-∞) = 1.08 ± 0.57 h×ng/ml, t 1/2kel = 2.14 ± 1.3 h and MRT = 3.08 ± 1.52 h. The results indicate that the SIM is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract of turkeys; however, achieved plasma level is lower compared to those observed in mammals.

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“…Eggs were collected as described above, weighed, and the yolks were separated as described previously (Elkin et al, 1999). Each yolk was then transferred to an individual 150-mL polypropylene sample cup, stirred to homogeneity with a spatula, and lyophilized.…”

Section: Analytical Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding laying hens a bioavailable soy sterol mixture fails to enrich their eggs with phytosterols or elicit egg yolk compositional changes

Elkin

Lorenz

2009

Poultry Science

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Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Elevated levels of plasma total cholesterol (TC), and particularly plasma low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDLC), are primary contributing factors to CHD. Dietary plant sterols (phytosterols) have been shown to significantly reduce plasma TC and LDLC in humans, primarily through inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption, and are potentially effective agents for reduction of CHD risk. Although a variety of phytosterol-containing foods are currently available, phytosterol-enriched eggs, which represent a potential value-added product, are conspicuously absent from the marketplace. Therefore, the objectives of this study were 1) to enrich shell eggs with phytosterols; and 2) to determine if feeding phytosterols to hens elicits egg compositional changes, particularly that of yolk cholesterol content. Sixteen 32-wk-old White Leghorn hens were fed a corn-soy-based layer diet without (n = 8) or with (n = 8) 1 g of supplemental soy sterols/100 g of diet for 28 d.. Hen performance was determined on an individual basis, and 1 egg/hen per week was collected, processed, and analyzed for yolk cholesterol, CP, crude fat (CF), and phytosterol content. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of supplemental dietary phytosterols on 28-d weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, plasma TC, hen-day egg production, egg weights, egg component weights, and yolk cholesterol, CP, and CF contents. Small amounts of campesterol were present in most of the eggs (average of 0.29 and 1.02 mg/yolk for control vs. soy sterol-fed hens, respectively; P < or = 0.05), whereas only 3 of the 80 analyzed eggs contained trace amounts of beta-sitosterol and none contained any detectable stigmasterol. It was concluded that phytosterols are either poorly absorbed from the chicken intestine or, if they are absorbed, they are efficiently secreted back into the intestinal lumen, most likely via as yet uncharacterized adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporters.

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Select 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors Vary in Their Ability to Reduce Egg Yolk Cholesterol Levels in Laying Hens through Alteration of Hepatic Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Plasma VLDL Composition

Cited by 52 publications

References 57 publications

Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Garlic Powder in Laying Hen: Low Cholesterol Egg?

Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Garlic Powder in Laying Hen: Low Cholesterol Egg?

Pharmacokinetics of orally administered simvastatin in turkeys

Feeding laying hens a bioavailable soy sterol mixture fails to enrich their eggs with phytosterols or elicit egg yolk compositional changes

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