Sejarah dan Implikasi Pandemik: Kajian Kes Pandemik Selesema Sepanyol, Selesema Asia dan Selesema Hong Kong

Abstract

Kajian ini meninjau sejarah dan implikasi global beberapa pandemik terdahulu iaitu pandemik Selesema Sepanyol 1918, Selesema Asia 1957 dan Selesema Hong Kong 1968 dalam pelbagai aspek seperti kesihatan, ekonomi, sains dan teknologi, sosial serta hubungan antarabangsa. Kajian mendapati terdapat pelbagai usaha untuk menangani penyebaran wabak penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus influenza melibatkan kawalan pergerakan di peringkat domestik dan antarabangsa serta peranan organisasi antarabangsa dan kemajuan vaksin. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pandemik memberikan implikasi yang besar bukan sahaja terhadap kesihatan dan ekonomi pada peringkat domestik dan global malah mengesani aspek sosial, sains dan teknologi serta hubungan antarabangsa. Hasil kajian ini menyumbang dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang implikasi dan cara menangani pandemik. This study reviews the history and global implications of several pandemics in the past, namely the 1918 Spanish Flu, the 1975 Asian Flu and the 1968 Hong Kong Flu in various aspects such as health, economy, science and technology, social and international relations. The study found that there are various efforts to curb the spread of infectious diseases caused by the influenza virus involving movement control at the domestic and international levels as well as the role of international organisations and vaccine progress. The results of this study shows that a pandemic has great implications not only for health and economy at the domestic and global levels but also affects social, science and technology as well as international relations aspects. The findings of this study can contribute in increasing knowledge about the implications and how to overcome the pandemic.