Seizure Freedom Rates and Prognostic Indicators After Resection of Gangliogliomas: A Review

Epilepsy surgery of “low grade epilepsy associated neuroepithelial tumors”: A retrospective nationwide Italian study

“…2,[4][5][6][7][9][10][11][12][13] In line with literature data, complete seizure control was achieved in 89.7% of patients. 2,[4][5][6][7][9][10][11][12][13] In line with literature data, complete seizure control was achieved in 89.7% of patients.…”

“…Although data on LEATs have extensively been reported in the literature, studies on large series remain rare 2,4,[9][10][11][12][13] and focused mainly on clinical and survival aspects rather than on epilepsy. 40 Our nationwide retrospective study enrolled 339 patients, including both adults and children.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] For this group of tumors the acronym "LEATs" (longterm epilepsy associated tumors) was proposed by Luyken et al 1 By definition, "long term" means causing drug-resistant seizures for 2 years or more. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] For this group of tumors the acronym "LEATs" (longterm epilepsy associated tumors) was proposed by Luyken et al 1 By definition, "long term" means causing drug-resistant seizures for 2 years or more.…”

“…18 If uncontrolled, tumor-related epilepsy significantly affects patients' quality of life, causes cognitive deterioration, and may result in significant morbidity. 2,[9][10][11]13,20 Currently, the definition of drugresistance applies to "failure of adequate trials of two tolerated and appropriately chosen and used AED schedules (whether as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve sustained seizure freedom," 21 and it may be difficult to assess this criterion in <2 years. 2,[9][10][11]13,20 Currently, the definition of drugresistance applies to "failure of adequate trials of two tolerated and appropriately chosen and used AED schedules (whether as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve sustained seizure freedom," 21 and it may be difficult to assess this criterion in <2 years.…”

“…On the other hand, assessment of drug responsiveness may necessitate at least 1 year of observation. 6,7,12,[14][15][16][17][18]23 In fact, although LEATs are usually considered to have a benign indolent behavior, several reports have demonstrated that gangliogliomas (GGs) 3,9,13 and some glial tumors, such as pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA), 3,24 may exhibit an evolving course or malignant transformation. 22 Furthermore, in the field of LEATs, where a correct histologic and molecular diagnosis is increasingly important, avoiding loss of time is essential, for epileptologic, neuropsychological, and oncologic reasons.…”