Seismological Analysis of a Lightning Strike

Hinzen, Klaus‐G.

doi:10.1785/gssrl.83.3.492

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This wave is produced at the same time that the lightning stroke and its location is distributed along the lightning path. While there are few examples of seismic records of the direct impact of lightning strikes 42 , the seismic recording of thunders is a well-known feature, resulting from the sonic-to-mechanical wave conversion near the recording point 43 , 44 . In some cases, it is also possible to identify the arrival of vibrations corresponding to sonic-mechanical conversions relatively far from the recording point that have then travelled as seismic surface waves.…”

Section: Seismic Tracking Of Thunderstormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring storm evolution using a high-density seismic network

Díaz¹,

Ruiz²,

Udina

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Data acquired by a dense seismic network deployed in the Cerdanya basin (Eastern Pyrenees) is used to track the temporal and spatial evolution of meteorological events such as rainfall episodes or thunderstorms. Comparing seismic and meteorological data, we show that for frequencies above 40 Hz, the dominant source of seismic noise is rainfall and hence the amplitude of the seismic data can be used as a proxy of rainfall. The interstation distance of 1.5 km provides an unprecedented spatial resolution of the evolution of rainfall episodes along the basin. Two specific episodes, one dominated by stratiform rain and the second one dominated by convective rain, are analyzed in detail, using high resolution disdrometer data from a meteorological site near one of the seismic instruments. Seismic amplitude variations follow a similar evolution to radar reflectivity values, but in some stratiform precipitation cases, it differs from the radar-derived precipitation estimates in this region of abrupt topography, where radar may suffer antenna beam blockage. Hence, we demonstrate the added value of seismic data to complement other sources of information such as rain-gauge or weather radar observations to describe the evolution of ground-level rainfall fields at high spatial and temporal resolution. The seismic power and the rainfall intensity have an exponential relationship and the periods with larger seismic power are coincident. The time intervals with rain drops diameters exceeding 3.5 mm do not result in increased seismic amplitudes, suggesting that there is a threshold value from which seismic data are no longer proportional to the size of the drops. Thunderstorms can be identified by the recording of the sonic waves generated by thunders, with. Single thunders detected to distances of a few tens of kilometers. As the propagation of these acoustic waves is expected to be strongly affected by parameters as air humidity, temperature variations or wind, the seismic data could provide an excellent tool to investigate atmospheric properties variations during thunderstorms.

show abstract

Section: Seismic Tracking Of Thunderstormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring storm evolution using a high-density seismic network

Díaz¹,

Ruiz²,

Udina

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This wave is produced at the same time that the lightning stroke and its location is distributed along the lightning path. While there are few examples of seismic records of the direct impact of lightning strikes 32 , the seismic recording of thunders is a wellknown feature, resulting from the sonic-to-mechanic wave conversion near the recording point 33,34 . In some cases, it is also possible to identify the arrival of vibrations corresponding to sonic-mechanical conversions relatively far from the recording point, that have then travelled as seismic surface waves.…”

Section: Seismic Tracking Of Thunderstormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring storm evolution using high density seismic arrays

Díaz¹,

Ruiz²,

Udina

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Data acquired by a dense seismic network deployed in the Cerdanya basin (Eastern Pyrenees) is used to track the temporal and spatial evolution of meteorological events such as rainfall episodes or thunderstorms. Comparing seismic and meteorological data, we show that for frequencies above 40 Hz, the dominant source of seismic noise is rainfall and hence the amplitude of the seismic data can be used as a proxy of rainfall. The interstation distance of 1.5 km provides an unprecedented spatial resolution of the evolution of rainfall episodes along the basin. Two specific episodes, one dominated by stratiform rain and the second one dominated by convective rain are analyzed in detail, using high resolution disdrometer data from a meteorological site near one of the seismic instruments. Seismic amplitude variations follow a similar evolution to radar reflectivity values, but in some stratiform precipitation cases it differs from the radar-derived precipitation estimates in this region of abrupt topography where radar may suffer antenna beam blockage. Hence, we demonstrate the added value of seismic data to complement other sources of information such as rain-gauge or weather radar observations to describe the evolution of ground-level rainfall fields at high spatial and temporal resolution. The seismic power and the rainfall intensity have and exponential relationship and the periods with larger seismic power are coincident with raindrop diameters above 3 mm. The time periods with rain drops diameters exceeding 4 mm cannot be detected in the seismic data, suggesting that there is a threshold value above which seismic data are not sensitive any more to larger rain drop impacts. Thunderstorms can be identified by the recording of the sonic waves generated by thunders. We show that single thunders can be recorded to distances of a few tens of kilometers. As the propagation of these acoustic waves is expected to be strongly affected by parameters as air humidity, temperature variations or wind, the seismic data could provide an excellent tool to investigate atmospheric properties variations during thunderstorms.

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Forensic view on two Raspberry Shake burglargrams

Hinzen

Krummel²,

Weber³

et al. 2022

J Seismol

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A steadily increasing number of citizen seismological stations, often located in populated areas, record a plethora of man-made events. These events are especially of interest, when they are caused by criminal activity or man-made explosions. On 4 December 2021, during an attempted robbery of an automated teller machine (ATM) in Bonn-Röttgen, Germany, the burglars used explosions. The seismic effects of the explosions were recorded with a Raspberry Shake (RS) station at a distance of 580 m from the site. While working on the analysis of this signal, another attack on an ATM on 23 February 2022 in Kürten-Dürscheid was recorded by another RS station, this time at 830-m distance with an instrument that also included an air pressure channel. The seismic signatures of both events indicate similar procedures in both cases whereby a larger explosion was quickly followed a smaller explosion after 21 s and 49 s, respectively. An estimate of the charge weight of the explosions shows that ratios of the strength of the first to second explosion were 21:1 and 9.4:1 in the Röttgen and Dürscheid attacks, respectively.

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Seismological Analysis of a Lightning Strike

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Monitoring storm evolution using a high-density seismic network

Monitoring storm evolution using a high-density seismic network

Monitoring storm evolution using high density seismic arrays

Forensic view on two Raspberry Shake burglargrams

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