Seismically-induced slumps in Lower-Maastrichtian peritidal carbonates of the Apulian Platform (southern Italy)

Earthquake-induced soft-sediment deformation structures in Upper Jurassic open-marine microbialites (Neuquén Basin, Argentina)

“…However, the type of facies and the practical absence of water escape structures suggest no substantial dewatering and, on the contrary, a rapid recuperation of viscosity towards the consolidated state by the sediment after deformation. Some similar folded structures have been recognized in seismites of lake sediments (e.g., Marco and Agnon, 1995;Rodrtguez-Pascua et al, 2000;Marco and Agnon, 2005;Spalluto et al, 2007). These folded beds, however, differ from those of the Amarillas bed in that they are in clear association with mixed layers (sensu Marco and Agnon, 1995), i.e.…”

“…Several authors (e.g., Jones and Omoto, 2000;Moretti, 2000;Spalluto et al, 2007) point to the necessity of discussing the exclusion of all other possible trigger mechanisms before soft-sediment deformation structures could be identified as seismically induced. The reason for this negative approach resides in the well-known fact that many soft-sediment deformation structures can be developed under different causes.…”

Contribution to the understanding of the Ionian Basin sedimentary evolution along the eastern edge of Apulia during the Late Cretaceous in Albania

“…The different deformation patterns (P1 to P6) shown in Figs. 5, 6 suggest a syn-sedimentary origin (Spalluto et al, 2007;Aslop and Shmuel, 2011). They are described below together with the assumed deformational processes.…”

Palaeoseismicity in relation to basin tectonics as revealed from soft-sediment deformation structures of the Lower Triassic Panchet formation, Raniganj basin (Damodar valley), eastern India

“…Alternatively, slumping of sediment within a particular horizon may happen due to an earthquake (Shiki et al 2000;Schnellmann et al 2002;Spalluto et al 2007;Aboumaria et al 2009). The bedding planes in the study area are almost horizontal and post-lithification tectonic deformation structures of either microscopic or macroscopic (map) scale are not reported from these rocks.…”

“…The geological setting, as discussed in section 2.1 of this paper, indicates that the continental basins of the Indian part of Gondwana, including the Raniganj basin, were tectonically active during PermianTriassic sedimentation, and there is direct evidence for episodic movement along basin boundary and intra-basinal faults during that time (Ghosh 2002). This indicates that recurrent syn-sedimenatry seismic activity occurred during the Permian-Triassic Page andSuppe (1981), Mills (1983) Large-scale water movements Siegenthaler et al (1987) Lateral facies variations, and high proportion fine grain sediment and water McDonald and Shilts (1975), Chunga et al (2007), content in sediments in glacial environments Gruszka andVan Loon (2007), Van Loon (2009) Seismic shaking Field et al (1982), Bhattacharya and Bandyopadhyay (1998), Shiki et al (2000), Schnellmann et al (2002), Spalluto et al (2007), Aboumaria et al (2009) Convolute lamination Fluidization-liquefaction events and concomitant expulsion of pore water Middleton and Hampton (1973), Allen (1977), due to earthquake or occasional pounding of channel-base sediments Chakraborty (1977), Cojan and Thiry (1992), Owen by large wave during fluvial processes (1996), Rossetti (1999), Samaila et al (2006) Convolute laminae having intact tops of the domes while sandwich...…”