Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Using Rapid Visual Screening: Case Study of Educational Facility Buildings of Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia

Abstract

Earthquakes are natural phenomena occurring in various parts of the globe. Severe earthquakes caused substantial loss of life and property when nearly populated districts. Although some progress has been made in the area of seismic prediction, earthquakes in time, magnitude or location can not be estimated correctly. The primary method of reducing casualties is therefore to build seismic resistant structures. Current earthquakes show that the old houses, which are not intended to withstand earthquakes, have been harmed rather than the structures intended according to seismic regulations. Many current structures in Indonesia were intended only without seismic provisions to withstand the gravity loads. There is a need to study these buildings' vulnerability in order to prevent a severe danger. A Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) technique is conducted in this study to determine a Final Level 1 Score, SL1, for Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia’s educational facility buildings. In nine constructions situated in Purwokerto and Purbalingga, the method was implemented. Moreover, the final SL1 score is an estimate of the collapse probability if an earthquake occurs with ground motions called the maximum considered earthquake targeted risk, MCER. These score estimates are based on restricted observed and analytical information, thus the probability of collapse is therefore an approximation.

Damage Prediction Observation for Existing Buildings in Sabah under Moderate Risk Earthquakes

“…The year of construction was obtained from the local building authority, which focuses on structures that have been in service for 20 to 50 years. A study conducted by Karapetrou et al [30] can be linked to the aging effects noticed in buildings that have been in use for many years. The study investigates the impacts of aging on reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, with a particular emphasis on performance decline over time.…”

Conventional RVS Methods for Seismic Risk Assessment for Estimating the Current Situation of Existing Buildings: A State-of-the-Art Review

“…Pujianto et al (2019) [195] conducted a rapid postearthquake visual assessment of school buildings in Lombok, Indonesia, using the Indonesian standard [196]. Haryanto et al (2020) [76] utilized the FEMA P-154 [8] RVS technique to assess the seismic vulnerability of nine RC buildings in Indonesia.…”

“…Despite the substantial damage in the structural and nonstructural components in the life safety performance class, the risk of total damage and the occurrence of lifethreatening injuries are minimal [74,76];…”

“…• Under seismic loads, minimal damage can be found in the structural and nonstructural elements of the building during the immediate occupancy performance class, while total collapse does not occur [76][77][78][79]; • Although there could be minor cracks in the exterior walls of URM structures, as is shown in Figure 3, for the initial occupancy damage state, they have no effect on the performance of the load-bearing system under lateral loads. FEMA 310 is a three-stage seismic evaluation tool.…”

Seismic vulnerability assessment of buildings of Patna by rapid visual screening

“…Haryanto et al [10] conducted RVS of buildings in Indonesia. The conclusion from the study is that a safety policy of educational buildings needs to be made and the vulnerable buildings can be retrofitted.…”