Seismic vulnerability assessment of earthquake-prone mega-city Shillong, India using geophysical mapping and remote sensing

Baruah, Sanjib; Boruah, Goutam Kashyap; Sharma, Sangeeta; Hoque, Washim Akram; Chetia, Timangshu; Dey, Chandan; Gogoi, Devakrishna; Das, P K; Basumatari, Dipak; Pathak, Jayanta; Barua, Anurup Gohain; Choudhury, Sailendra

doi:10.1080/17499518.2019.1598560

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In the same note, there was compelling evidence of varying shear wave velocity profiles prevalent in Shillong region, which also advocated the existence of low velocity zones at some pocket areas [46]. In another recent study [47], there is indication of the existence of stiff soil and rocks at different depths whereas resonant frequency; thus revealing a vulnerability rate of 60%. Accordingly, the topographical profile as shown in Figure 7 bears much significance.…”

Section: Discussion and Inferencementioning

confidence: 89%

A Cartographic Cum Site-Effectuated Review of Greater Shillong Region of Northeast India

Biswas¹,

Boruah²

2021

Preprint

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The cartographic cum site-effectuated view of Shillong region of northeast India is presented here. Starting from the existing tectonics, the prevalent geological settings of the study area is comprehensively delineated. The seismic prone area is further overviewed in the context of site effects with accompaniment of available borehole information. The resonance frequency estimates form ambient noise survey along with receiver functions are outlined which implicates a heterogeneous subsurface. This further helps in segregating the region into two compelling profiles, thereby enabling us to get a deeper insight in the probable subsurface as well as heterogeneity. Eventually, the influence of topography over strata was also highlighted and interpreted as well.

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Section: Discussion and Inferencementioning

confidence: 89%

A Cartographic Cum Site-Effectuated Review of Greater Shillong Region of Northeast India

Biswas¹,

Boruah²

2021

Preprint

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“…The concept of seismic vulnerability is a yard-stick of damage estimation from a probable earthquake, considering physical cum social dimension and enables a basis for decision-makers to develop preparedness and mitigation strategies. Baruah et al (2020) used several parameters, e.g. shear wave velocity characteristics, geomorphology, slope angle, building typology, and the number of occupants, to estimate the dimension of vulnerability for the Shillong city.…”

Section: Microzonation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

INSA National Report on Seismological Research in India: 2019 – 2022

Manglik

2023

Preprint

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The Indian National Science Academy (INSA), the National Adhering body representing India in the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), submits a National Report to the IUGG during its General Assembly, held every four years. The present chapter is a compilation for the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI), one of the eight Associations of the IUGG, encompassing the scientific activities carried out in the country during 2019-2022, in the field of seismology. The chapter is arranged to categorize the contributions under internal structure of the Indian lithosphere and sub-lithospheric mantle, crust and upper mantle deformation, seismic attenuation, seismic hazards, triggered seismicity, environmental seismology, paleoseismology and seismological networks. In addition, the chapter includes activities related to societal projects and outreach programs. It is not an exhaustive review of the entire Indian contribution to seismology and allied fields during this period but a window to the topics covered within the framework of IASPEI.During the reporting period, researchers from several Indian R&D and Academic Institutions continued adding new results on the crustal and upper mantle structure of the Indian shield, both at regional and geological province scale. The Himalaya has been a major focus of seismological research for many Institutes who operated broadband seismological networks from Kashmir to Arunachal along the Himalayan arc. The data from these networks have facilitated in enhancing our understanding of the structure of the Main Himalayan Thrust, crustal and upper mantle structure as well as the dip of the underthrusting Indian plate, seismicity monitoring, and estimation of attenuation. Some of these networks also include accelerographs for strong ground motion studies. A few studies also focused on mapping of the mantle transition zone beneath the Indian Ocean Geoid Low. The studies on anthropogenic seismicity added near-field investigations in the Koyna -Warna region through borehole seismology. Organization of the Joint Scientific Assembly of IAGA and IASPEI during 21-27 August 2021 (JSA-2021) was a major event during this period related to the IUGG activities. Originally, the event was planned to be hosted at Hyderabad, India, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic it was organized in virtual mode. Initiatives have been taken to nucleate the field of environmental seismology in the country.

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“…The collapse rate of buildings can go up as high as 80 % if the epicentre of an earthquake is closer to the settlement. Baruah et al (2020) have assessed the seismic vulnerability of the mega-city Shillong in India using RVS methodology by including parameters like building typology, local geology, geomorphology, slope angle, and population, suggesting that 60 % of the city falls under moderate to high vulnerability zones. Jena et al (2021) carried out an analysis of the earthquake vulnerability of the Indian subcontinent using the LSTM (long short-term memory) model and multi-criterion analysis (MCA), which suggested that highly vulnerable areas are situated towards the northern and eastern parts of India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake vulnerability assessment of the built environment in the city of Srinagar, Kashmir Himalaya, using a geographic information system

Fayaz

Abdullah

Rashid

et al. 2023

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The study investigates the earthquake vulnerability of buildings in Srinagar, an urban city in the Kashmir Himalaya, India. The city, covering an area of around 246 km2 and divided into 69 municipal wards, is situated in the tectonically active and densely populated mountain ecosystem. Given the haphazard development and high earthquake vulnerability of the city, it is critical to assess the vulnerability of the built environment to inform policy-making for developing effective earthquake risk reduction strategies. Integrating various parameters in a geographic information system (GIS) using the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) approaches, the ward-wise vulnerability of the buildings revealed that a total of ∼ 17 km2 area (∼ 7 % area; 23 wards) has very high to high vulnerability, moderate vulnerability affects ∼ 69 km2 of the city area (28 % area; 19 wards), and ∼ 160 km2 area (∼ 65 % area; 27 wards) has vulnerability ranging from very low to low. Overall, the downtown wards are most vulnerable to earthquake damage due to the high risk of pounding, high building density, and narrower roads with little or no open spaces. The modern uptown wards, on the other hand, have lower earthquake vulnerability due to the relatively wider roads and low building density. To build a safe and resilient city for its 1.5 million citizens, the knowledge generated in this study would inform action plans for developing earthquake risk reduction measures, which should include strict implementation of the building codes, retrofitting of the vulnerable buildings, and creating a disaster consciousness among its citizenry.

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Seismic vulnerability assessment of earthquake-prone mega-city Shillong, India using geophysical mapping and remote sensing

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

A Cartographic Cum Site-Effectuated Review of Greater Shillong Region of Northeast India

A Cartographic Cum Site-Effectuated Review of Greater Shillong Region of Northeast India

INSA National Report on Seismological Research in India: 2019 – 2022

Earthquake vulnerability assessment of the built environment in the city of Srinagar, Kashmir Himalaya, using a geographic information system

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