Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Methodologies for Roadway Assets and Networks: A State-of-the-Art Review

Abstract

Road networks are considered as one of the most important transport infrastructure systems, since they attain the economic and social prosperity of modern societies. For this reason, it is vital to improve the resiliency of road networks in order to function normally under daily stressors and recover quickly after natural disasters such as an earthquake event. In the last decades, vulnerability assessment studies for road networks and their assets gained great attention among the research community. This literature review includes a brief introduction about seismic vulnerability assessment, followed by the roadway assets damage and their damage states, and then the main typologies for the vulnerability assessment of roadway assets. Moreover, it focuses on available assessment methods, which were proposed to quantify the vulnerability of road networks and its assets. These methods are divided into two main categories, physical and traffic-based approaches. Methods based on fragility functions and vulnerability indexes were investigated in physical approach for roadways and its assets. On the other hand, accessibility and link importance index were explored in traffic-based approach for road networks. This paper reviews and comments the most common vulnerability assessment methods for road networks and its assets and points out their advantages and disadvantages. The main gaps and needs are identified and recommendations for future studies are provided.

Assessment of Seismic Building Vulnerability Using Rapid Visual Screening Method through Web-Based Application for Malaysia

“…The study used simplified parameters to indicate the safety index, and the structural and non-structural factors were considered through surveys. Various researchers reviewed empirical vulnerability assessment methods and their future trends; for detailed information regarding this issue, see El-Maissi et al [21].…”

Factors Influencing the Intrinsic Seismic Risk of Open Spaces in Existing Built Environments: A Systematic Review

“…Direct exposure is determined by the users who, being on the road infrastructure, may suffer direct damage due to the collapse of structural elements (e.g., bridges, viaducts, tunnels, and trenches). The concept of indirect exposure is oriented to the assessment of the effects due to the earthquake after its occurrence and not at the same time [9,20,27]. In this perspective, all the population in a specific area must be considered as indirectly exposed to the earthquake, as they are potentially subject to damage resulting from the inefficiency of the street system [28,29].…”

Indirect flood impacts and cascade risk across interdependent linear infrastructures

“…Despite the fact that indirect impacts and cascade effects are widely assumed to be more significant due to the interconnected nature of networks (Gil and Steinbach, 2008;Pant et al, 2018;Arrighi et al, 2017), few works are available which address indirect impacts and cascade effects in time and space (Pant et al, 2018;Arrighi et al, 2017). Among these works, indirect impacts and cascade effects are mostly addressed with complex conceptual frameworks that, for their application, would require a significant number of models and data (Fekete, 2019;Emanuelsson et al, 2014), simplified risk indexes (Lyu et al, 2018;Balijepalli and Oppong, 2014;Singh et al, 2018) and/or very limited application to real-world case studies (Arrighi et al, 2019;Pant et al, 2018).…”