Seismic tomography of the crust underneath the Etna volcano, Sicily

Aloisi, Marco; Cocina, O.; Neri, G.; Orecchio, B.; Privitera, E.

doi:10.1016/s0031-9201(02)00153-x

Cited by 96 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…represents a critical level for the magma ascending toward the surface. Along the western border of the HVB, where magma is believed to ascend, at this depth level, tomographic studies (e.g., Aloisi et al, 2002) estimated density values in the range 2,300-2,600 kg/m 3 . At about 10 km (b.s.l.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The positions of the centroid of the modeled sources 2a, 2b and 3 are coincident with the different levels of the magmatic environments constrained by Cannata et al (2018) by petrological data. In the section the seismic velocity estimated by Aloisi et al (2002) is also shown. the associated magmatic storage zones, although comparable with those recognized in the products emitted from the NSEC crater, show a different distribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupled Short- and Medium-Term Geophysical Signals at Etna Volcano: Using Deformation and Strain to Infer Magmatic Processes From 2009 to 2017

et al. 2018

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In active volcanoes a main challenge is to identify and characterize the dynamics of magmatic sources from deformation and strain data. This task is of primary importance in frequently eruptive volcanoes, such as Etna. After the main flank eruption of [2008][2009] and until 2017, Etna volcano was characterized by a lively eruptive activity of different phases. These comprised 44 lava fountain episodes from the New South East Crater (NSEC), two sequences of close episodes of lava fountains from the Voragine crater (VOR), as well as some periods of summit effusive activity with a more prolonged supply of lava flows. Several studies have described and modeled single lava fountains episodes of the NSEC and VOR, in particular through high precision data from borehole strain-meters. In this study, we broaden the analysis also considering the medium-term volcano recharging/discharging periods preceding/accompanying the different eruptive phases during 2009-2017 by constraining the source positions through deformation recorded by the permanent GPS network. Together with the modeling deduced from the strain-meter data we produce a more complete representation of the different sources that characterized the different periods both in the medium-term (i.e., the preparatory phases showing inflation and the eruptive phases showing deflation) and in the short-term (i.e., the fast discharge associated with eruptive events). Our modeling explains the pathway of magma from the intermediate-shallow plumbing system to the surface and highlights a clear separation between the inflation and the deflation source depths, coherently with petrological constraints on the spatio-temporal evolution of magma transfer and storage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled Short- and Medium-Term Geophysical Signals at Etna Volcano: Using Deformation and Strain to Infer Magmatic Processes From 2009 to 2017

et al. 2018

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“…High frequency content, sharp onsets, and clear S-phases characterize these earthquakes at the nearest stations. All events with at least 15 observations were relocated with a 3D velocity model proposed by Aloisi et al [2002] using the SimulPS12 code [Evans et al, 1994]. The 3D relocation (mean gap = 102°) resulted in a reduction in the mean rms of ca.…”

Section: Data Collection and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into Mt. Etna (Italy) kinematics during the 2002–2003 eruption as inferred from seismic stress and strain tensors

Barberi

Cocina

Maiolino

et al. 2004

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] Seismic activity linked to the 2002 -03 Mt. Etna eruption was investigated by analyzing the M d > 2.3 earthquakes. The results of 3D relocation were used to compute fault plane solutions and a selected dataset was inverted to determine stress and strain tensors. The analysis revealed a complex kinematic response of the eastern flank dominated by fast stress propagation and reorientation. We hypothesize that a vertical dike intruded the southern flank, generating an extensional regime that triggered a radial intrusion in the northeast sector of the volcano. The combined effects gave rise to a rotation of the stress tensor that controlled the activation of the Pernicana fault system. The volcanic and tectonic interactions produced a second reorientation of the stress tensor, causing a structural response in the southeast lower flank. The overall result of the deformation processes observed during the eruption was an E-W extension on the eastern flank of the volcano.

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“…and embedded in the preEtnean sediments. The HVB was imaged in all the following published tomographic analyses, performed either using local earthquake datasets (Cardaci et al 1993;De Luca et al 1997;Villaseñor et al 1998;Chiarabba et al 2000Chiarabba et al , 2004Laigle et al 2000;Aloisi et al 2002) or artificial sources (Laigle and Hirn 1999). However, the position and size of the "fast" volume differ in these studies, due to the variation in the consistency and quality of the dataset, the processing method, and also the degree of resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The time-integrated spatial distribution of the seismicity revealed that the HVB is mainly aseismic. The seismicity encompasses its western and eastern portions, and occasionally is located above its top, testifying to the presence of a brittle region with a high degree of rock-fracturing (Aloisi et al 2002;Patané et al 2003;Chiarabba et al 2004). Recent studies have shed light on the possible role of the HVB in driving the instability phenomena of the eastern portion of the volcano Aloisi et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognate xenoliths in Mt. Etna lavas: witnesses of the high-velocity body beneath the volcano

et al. 2013

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Various xenoliths have been found in lavas of the 1763 ("La Montagnola"), 2001, and 2002-03 eruptions at Mt. Etna whose petrographic evidence and mineral chemistry exclude a mantle origin and clearly point to a cognate nature. Consequently, cognate xenoliths might represent a proxy to infer the nature of the high-velocity body (HVB) imaged beneath the volcano by seismic tomography. Petrography allows us to group the cognate xenoliths as follows: i) gabbros with amphibole and amphibole-bearing mela-gabbros, ii) olivine-bearing leuco-gabbros, iii) leuco-gabbros with amphibole, and iv) Plg-rich leuco gabbros. Geobarometry estimates the crystallization pressure of the cognate xenoliths between 1.9 and 4.1 kbar. The bulk density of the cognate xenoliths varies from 2.6 to 3.0 g/cm 3 . P wave velocities (V P ), calculated in relation to xenolith density, range from 4.9 to 6.1 km/s. The integration of mineralogical, compositional, geobarometric data, and density-dependent V P with recent literature data on 3D V P seismic tomography enabled us to formulate the first hypothesis about the nature of the HVB which, in the depth range of 3-13 km b.s.l., is likely made of intrusive gabbroic rocks. These are believed to have formed at the "solidification front", a marginal zone that encompasses a deep region (>5 km b.s.l.) of Mt. Etna's plumbing system, within which magma crystallization takes place. The intrusive rocks were afterwards fragmented and transported as cognate xenoliths by the volatile-rich and fast-ascending magmas of the 1763 "La Montagnola", 2001 and 2002-03 eruptions.

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Seismic tomography of the crust underneath the Etna volcano, Sicily

Cited by 96 publications

References 23 publications

Coupled Short- and Medium-Term Geophysical Signals at Etna Volcano: Using Deformation and Strain to Infer Magmatic Processes From 2009 to 2017

Coupled Short- and Medium-Term Geophysical Signals at Etna Volcano: Using Deformation and Strain to Infer Magmatic Processes From 2009 to 2017

Insight into Mt. Etna (Italy) kinematics during the 2002–2003 eruption as inferred from seismic stress and strain tensors

Cognate xenoliths in Mt. Etna lavas: witnesses of the high-velocity body beneath the volcano

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