Seismic search for strange quark nuggets

Herrin, Eugene; Rosenbaum, Doris C.; Teplitz, Vigdor L.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.73.043511

Cited by 43 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the table, a few major searches are listed (we modestly include ours [18,19]), along with the mass range to which they will be/are/were sensitive and the result, where there is one, in terms of the inferred SQN density in our region of the galaxy. An interesting SQM space search using the equipment being deployed to monitor near Earth asteroids has been proposed by Horvath [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charges on strange quark nuggets in space

et al. 2009

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Since Witten's seminal 1984 paper on the subject, searches for evidence of strange quark nuggets (SQNs) have proven unsuccessful. In the absence of experimental evidence ruling out SQNs, the validity of theories introducing mechanisms that increase their stability should continue to be tested. To stimulate electromagnetic SQN searches, particularly space searches, we estimate the net charge that would develop on an SQN in space exposed to various radiation baths (and showers) capable of liberating the SQN's less strongly bound electrons, taking into account recombination with ambient electrons. We consider, in particular, the cosmic microwave background , radiation from the sun, and diffuse galactic and extragalactic ultraviolet backgrounds. The largest charge,for the settings considered, develops on a solar system SQN exposed to a solar X-ray flare. A possible dramatic signal of SQNs in explosive astrophysical events is noted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charges on strange quark nuggets in space

et al. 2009

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“…Prior limits (typically at the 90% CL where stated) from the absence of obervations of fast meteors [31,32], appropriate tracks in samples of the mineral Mica [15], and seismic limits from the Apollo-11 Lunar lander [17][18][19] already provide constraints below the dark matter flux for all strange quark nuggets of baryon numbers from ∼ 1019 − 25 from the terrestrial observations, and for a smaller window from 50-1000 kg based on the Lunar seismic limits. Our results, which range from AQN masses of 1 gram up to 10 8 kg, eliminate anti-quark nuggets over a wide mass range from B = 10 20−35 , with no more than 10-15% of the dark matter flux allowed in AQNs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Stringent neutrino flux constraints on antiquark nugget dark matter

Gorham

Rotter

2017

Phys. Rev. D

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Strongly-interacting matter in the form of nuggets of nuclear-density material are not currently excluded as dark matter candidates in the ten gram to hundred kiloton mass range. A recent variation on quark nugget dark matter models postulates that a first-order imbalance between matter and antimatter in the quark-gluon plasma prior to hadron production in the early universe binds up most of the dark matter into heavy (baryon number B ∼ 10 25 ) anti-quark nuggets in the current epoch, explaining both the dark matter preponderance and the matter-antimatter asymmetry. Interactions of these massive objects with normal matter in the Earth and Sun will lead to annihilation and an associated neutrino flux in the ∼ 20 − 50 MeV range. We calculate these fluxes for anti-quark nuggets of sufficient number density to account for the dark matter and find that current neutrino flux limits from Super-Kamiokande provide stringent constraints on several possible scenarios for such objects. Conventional anti-quark nuggets in the previously allowed mass range cannot account for more than ∼ 1/5 of the dark matter flux; if they are in a color-superconducting phase, then their muon production during matter annihilation must be suppressed by an order of magnitude below prior estimates if they are to remain viable dark matter candidates.

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“…Absence of evidence for epilinear seismic signals on Earth allowed to exclude nuclearites as the dominant dark matter component in the mass range 10 5 < M < 3 · 10 8 g [460]. In addition, the measurement of the total amount of seismic energy obtained with the five seismic stations implanted on the Moon by the Apollo astronauts were interpreted to set conservative limits on the rate of nuclearite impacts, concluding that the flux does not exceed one tenth of the dark matter density in the mass range 5 · 10 4 < M < 10 6 g [460].…”

Section: Seismic Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the measurement of the total amount of seismic energy obtained with the five seismic stations implanted on the Moon by the Apollo astronauts were interpreted to set conservative limits on the rate of nuclearite impacts, concluding that the flux does not exceed one tenth of the dark matter density in the mass range 5 · 10 4 < M < 10 6 g [460]. These limits are reported in Table 5: Expected number of collisions per year between an object of given mass and various bodies in the Solar System, assuming that the object constitutes 100% of the local dark matter density and that it possesses a typical galactic velocity.…”

Section: Seismic Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same authors pointed out that the larger area on Earth leads to eight times as many detectable collisions, while the Moon has the advantage of much lower backgrounds thanks to a lower seismic activity and the lack of noise from winds and waves. A sufficient number of seismometers judiciously placed on the Moon would allow to detect objects with masses two orders of magnitude lower than on Earth, potentially down to the kg level [460]. As this mass range has not been explored by any other means (existing searches in ancient mica reach up to 160 g [380], see Section 6.2.3), this would motivate plans for seismic nuclearite searches as a part of any future trip to the Moon [460][461][462] or any other seismologically quiet planetary body.…”

Section: Seismic Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-collider searches for stable massive particles

et al. 2015

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The theoretical motivation for exotic stable massive particles (SMPs) and the results of SMP searches at non-collider facilities are reviewed. SMPs are defined such that they would be sufficiently long-lived so as to still exist in the cosmos either as Big Bang relics or secondary collision products, and sufficiently massive such that they are typically beyond the reach of any conceivable accelerator-based experiment. The discovery of SMPs would address a number of important questions in modern physics, such as the origin and composition of dark matter and the unification of the fundamental forces. This review outlines the scenarios predicting SMPs and the techniques used at non-collider experiments to look for SMPs in cosmic rays and bound in matter. The limits so far obtained on the fluxes and matter densities of SMPs which possess various detection-relevant properties such as electric and magnetic charge are given.

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Seismic search for strange quark nuggets

Cited by 43 publications

References 19 publications

Charges on strange quark nuggets in space

Charges on strange quark nuggets in space

Stringent neutrino flux constraints on antiquark nugget dark matter

Non-collider searches for stable massive particles

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