Seismic Response of a Tunnel Embedded in Compacted Clay through Large‐Scale Shake Table Testing

Abstract

To investigate the seismic response of large-scale tunnel in compacted clay and effect of shock absorbing layer to the tunnel, a series of three dimensional (3D) shaking table model tests were carried out. The similarity ratio of the model is 1 : 8 and the size of the model container is 9.3 m (length) × 3.7 m (width) × 2.5 m (height). The cross-sectional diameter of the model tunnel is 0.9 m, and the thickness of the tunnel lining is 0.06 m. To simulate the clay soil surrounding condition, the container was filled with clay soil. During the tests, the concrete strain, acceleration, and dynamic soil pressure on the surface of the model tunnel were measured. The results show the existence of tunnel can decrease the maximum acceleration of the model in the X direction; the shock absorbing layer can further decrease the maximum acceleration, however, cannot change the dominant frequency of the ground motion. The longitudinal and hoop strain of the model tunnel with excitation of the input motion is mainly in tension state and the maximum hoop deformation of the model tunnel is located at the conjugate 45°. In addition, the shock absorbing layer has an effect on the strain and dynamic earth pressure of the model tunnel.

A Study on Seismic Dynamic Response of Pile-Supported Tunnels in Deep Backfill Area of Soil–Rock Mixture Based on a Model Test

“…Wu Honggang et al [8] adopted hard PVC as the main material and applied a mixture of gypsum, quartz sand, and water as a 5 mm thick shell to complete the production of the lining model; D. K. Singh et al [9] used different materials to simulate damaged and undamaged tunnels and studied the seismic performance of damaged tunnels in aftershocks. Hao Zhou [10] studied the seismic dynamic response of a large-section tunnel in compacted clay by filling a container with clay soil; Cho Mya Darli [11] carried out a series of shaking-table tests on the integrated corridor tunnel in the mixed stratum of sand and clay, and the results showed that the dynamic response of the tunnel was significantly different in the clay and sandy stratum.…”

Embankment Seismic Fragility Assessment under the Near‐Fault Pulse‐like Ground Motions by Applying the Response Surface Method

“…He et al [18] adopted 22 actual recorded ground motions according to the recommendations of the Applied Technology Council (ATC) in the FEMA P695 report in the seismic fragility analysis of multiage buried steel pipes. Since it is difficult to find the ground motions that fully comply with the lithology properties of where the structure is located and with the law of seismic wave propagation, the accuracy of the seismic fragility assessment based on actual recorded ground motions is relatively low [19,20]. e second is synthesizing ground motions.…”

Application of the Modified Mohr–Coulomb Yield Criterion in Seismic Numerical Simulation of Tunnels

“…Taking the Longmen Mountain Fault Zone in the north-western margin of the Sichuan Basin as an example, an earthquake in this fault zone would impact a large number of traffic tunnels and underground structures. e subway stations and other underground structures were critically damaged [2,3] in the Kobe earthquake in Japan, which were considered aseismic structures [4][5][6][7] in highintensity earthquake area. e Lushan earthquake (Ms � 7.0, 2013), the Jiuzhaigou earthquake (Ms � 7.0, 2017), and the Changning earthquake (Ms � 6.0, 2019) show that the tunnels within the Sichuan Basin are threatened by highintensity earthquakes.…”