Seismic Mitigation Liquefaction––An Extensive Study on New Concepts

Krishnan, J. Murali; Shukla, Shruti

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-9984-2_32

Cited by 1 publication

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“…The use of bentonite and laponite has proved effective in improving the behavior of sandy soils under cyclic loading [20][21][22] and a significant improvement of the cyclic liquefaction resistance has been observed in sandy soils treated with nano-silica solutions (e.g., [23][24][25]). This type of treatments can be listed among the recent innovative remediation methods against liquefaction [26,27], which also include the adoption of specific microbial-driven processes [28][29][30], the inducing of partial saturation [31][32][33], the recycling of waste materials, such as tire scraps [34,35]. Due to their environmental and economic sustainability, these innovative techniques may represent an alternative to other more conventional soil improvement methods that are commonly used to mitigate seismic liquefaction hazards (e.g., vibro-compaction, blasting, drainage) [36].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Colloidal Silica Grouting on Geotechnical Properties of Liquefiable Soils: A Review

2021

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Colloidal silica (CS) is a kind of nanomaterial used in soil/rock grouting techniques in different branches of civil engineering. Many studies have recently been performed to investigate the potential of CS in improving the mechanical behavior of cohesionless soils and mitigating the risk of seismic liquefaction in urbanized areas. CS grout is chemically and biologically inert and, when injected into a subsoil, it can form a silica gel and stabilize the desired soil layer, thus representing an attractive, environmentally friendly alternative to standard chemical grouting techniques. This paper firstly describes the characteristics of CS grout, the gelation process and the main features of the behavior of the pure gelled material. The grout delivery mechanisms through porous media are then explained, pointing out the crucial issues for practical application of CS grouting. All the grouting-induced effects on the soil behavior, which have been investigated by laboratory tests on small-sized soil elements, are reviewed, including the modifications to soil strength and stiffness under both static and seismic loading conditions, to soil compressibility and hydraulic conductivity. Published results from physical model tests and in situ applications are also presented. Finally, some aspects related to the mechanism of soil improvement are discussed. A critical discussion of each topic is presented, drawing particular attention to the controversial or not yet fully examined aspects to which future research on colloidal silica grouting should be directed.

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