Seismic imaging of mélanges; Pieniny Klippen Belt case study

Marzec, Paweł; Golonka, Jan; Pietsch, Kaja; Kasperska, Monika; Dec, Jerzy; Cichostępski, Kamil; Lasocki, Stanisław

doi:10.1144/jgs2018-220

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Through a high-resolution deep seismic reflection survey in the Pieniny Klippen Belt in Poland (Fig. 3), Marzec and others (Marzec et al 2019) illustrate how some seismic attributes are effectively usable in the interpretation of mélange occurrences in a complex geological area. Sedimentary mélanges (olistostromes) and isolated olistoliths are characterized by different petrophysical parameters (velocity, density and resistivity) and seismic attributes in comparison with the surrounding flysch units.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Papers in the second part of this collection (Kuranaga et al 2019;Marzec et al 2019) show results from the application of different geophysical methods (i.e. anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), and seismic and acoustic imagery) in the recognition and distinction of diagnostic features of mélanges formed at different scales during the evolution of modern and ancient convergent margins.…”

Section: Scope Of the Thematic Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the complex internal architecture of polygenetic mélanges can be easily confused with that of tectonic mélanges, contributing to mask a significant part of the local tectonostrati-graphic evolution of a convergent margin. The systematic implementation of field-based stratigraphic and structural criteria, and geological detailed mapping (Barbero et al 2019;Marzec et al 2019;Meneghini et al 2019;Sieminśka et al 2019), as well as of multidisciplinary analytical approaches (Kuranaga et al 2019;Marzec et al 2019;Cerchiari et al 2020), demonstrates that the different processes that contributed to the formation of a polygenetic mélange can be recognized. Such distinction outlines the importance of the study of this type of mélange as an important tool for better interpreting the evolution of convergent margin settings.…”

Section: Concluding Remarks and Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polygenetic mélanges: a glimpse on tectonic, sedimentary and diapiric recycling in convergent margins

Festa

Ogata

Pini

2020

JGS

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A significant part of mélanges recognized in exhumed convergent margins around the world has been recently documented to have chiefly originated from masse transport and subsurface remobilization and disruption (i.e. mélanges, from sedimentary and mud–serpentinite diapiric processes and from in situ fluidification–disruption). Tectonic and/or sedimentary processes occurring during subsequent multiple deformational events of convergent margin evolution commonly overprint and significantly rework the primary (sedimentary or diapiric) mélange fabric, forming polygenetic mélanges. This ultimately complicates their distinction from true tectonic mélanges, masking part of the recorded tectono-sedimentary evolution of the associated convergent margin. The contributions gathered in this thematic collection explore with different approaches (from field structural and stratigraphic observations to geophysical analyses) different types of polygenetic mélange, at various scales, around the world. These studies conclude that the understanding of this type of mélange may provide crucial insights for a more detailed interpretation of the evolution of ancient and modern convergent margins, and of processes and mechanisms triggering potential natural hazards (earthquakes and tsunamis). Case studies include the Apennines in the Central Mediterranean region, the Carpathians in Central Europe and the Nankai Prism in Japan. Thematic collection: This article is part of the ‘Polygenetic mélanges: a glimpse on tectonic sedimentary and diapiric recycling in convergent margins’ collection available at https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/polygenetic-melanges

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scope Of the Thematic Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Concluding Remarks and Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polygenetic mélanges: a glimpse on tectonic, sedimentary and diapiric recycling in convergent margins

Festa

Ogata

Pini

2020

JGS

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“…They were deposited in a paleogeographic realm comprising two basins separated by the Czorstyn ridge which was overridden by the accretionary prism of the Outer Western Carpathians during Late Cretaceous-Paleocene (Golonka et al 2018). The destruction of this ridge led to the formation of submarine slumps and olistoliths in the Pieniny Klippen Belt and along the southern margin of the Magura Nappe (Golonka et al 2015, Marzec et al 2020, the innermost of the Outer Western Carpathian nappes (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Last scene in the large scale rotations of the Western Carpathians as reflected in paleomagnetic constraints

Márton

2020

geol

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This paper provides an overview of the paleomagnetic results which constrain the post-Paleogene tectonic development of the Western Carpathians. A group of these results are relevant to the last stage of the Tertiary folding and thrusting of the Silesian, Dukla and Magura nappes of the Outer Western Carpathian and were obtained from Paleogene-Lower Miocene flysch sediments. Both the pre- and post-folding remanences indicate about 50° CCW vertical axis rotation with respect to the present orientation. This is about a 60° rotation relative to stable Europe. It follows that the general orientation of the Silesian and more internal nappes were NW-SE, at least until the mid-Miocene. The CCW vertical axis rotation was co-ordinated with that of the Central Carpathian Paleogene Basin. The termination of the rotation can be estimated from the paleomagnetic data available from the Pieniny andesites which intruded the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the southern part of the Magura Nappe as well as from those obtained for the Neogene intramontane basins which opened up in the Outer and in the Central Western Carpathians. The paleomagnetic vectors for the andesites form two groups. The first group suggests about 45° CCW rotation relative to north, while the second shows no rotation. At the present stage of our knowledge it seems likely that some of the andesite bodies were intruded around 18 Ma, which is the oldest isotope age for the intrusions of the Wżar Mts, while some other bodies could have been emplaced after the rotation, around 11 Ma, which is the youngest isotope age for the Brijarka quarry. Vertical axis CCW rotation was also observed on sediments older than 11.6 Ma in the Orava-Nowy Targ Intramontane Basin which saddles the Magura Nappe and the Central Carpathian Paleogene Basin. However, this rotation was related to fault zone activity and was not attributed to the general rotation of the Outer Western Carpathian nappe system. Paleomagnetic results from the Nowy Sącz Intramontane Basin, which opened over the Magura Nappe, and those for the Central Western Carpathian Turiec Intramontane Basin do not indicate vertical axis rotation. In the first case, the loosely controlled age limit of the termination of the rotation is around 12 Ma. Well constrained results from the second basin imply that the rotation was definitely over by 8 Ma. Based on the above observations, and aware of the problem of often loose age control on the formation and deformation of the deposits of the intramontane basins, it is tentatively concluded that the large scale CCW rotation of the Central Western Carpathians, together with the Magura, Dukla and Silesian nappes, must have started after 18 Ma and terminated around 11 Ma.

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“…Several different views concerning the PKB mélange culminated in the most recently published discussions [23][24][25][26][27] and references therein, and diverging opinions exist between geologists working in particular sectors of the PKB. The problematic structure of the PKB is still controversial and full of intricacies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mélange, Flysch and Cliffs in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Poland): An Overview

et al. 2022

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The Pieniny Klippen Belt (PKB) is located in the suture zone between the Central and Outer (Flysch) Carpathians. Its structure is an effect of prolonged processes of the Cretaceous–Miocene folding, thrusting and uplifting. In this zone, tectonic components of different ages and features, including strike-slip-bounded tectonic blocks, thrust units, as well as toe-thrusts and olistostromes, result in the present-day mélange characteristics of the PKB, where individual tectonic units are difficult to distinguish. In the PKB, both tectonic and sedimentary events triggered the mélange creation. The name “Klippen Belt” is derived from cliffs (German Klippen). These cliffs form harder, more erosion-resistant elements of the mélange, residing within less competent clastic deposits, sandstones, shales and marls that form flysch complexes. The cliffs often represent olistoliths, which glided down from elevated areas to the deeper basinal zones. Two olistostrome belts were distinguished. The older one resulted from subduction of the southern part of the Alpine Tethys, and the younger originated in response to the northward shift of the accretionary wedge. The other cliffs were placed within the surrounding clastic by tectonic deformational processes. The flower structure of the PKB was formed during the collision and strike-slip movement of the lithospheric plates. This structure is limited on both sides by deep-rooted faults. Several evolutionary stages could be distinguished in these areas. The rift-related stage is expressed by the opening of the Alpine Tethys that contains two major basins—Magura and Pieniny (Złatne) basins, separated by Czorsztyn Ridge. The reorganization of the Alpine Tethys basins and the development of the accretionary prism happened during the synorogenic stage. This process was initiated by the movement of the Central Carpathians. Thick flysch sequences with olistostromes were deposited in these basins. The Czorsztyn Ridge was destroyed during the late orogenic stages.

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Seismic imaging of mélanges; Pieniny Klippen Belt case study

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Polygenetic mélanges: a glimpse on tectonic, sedimentary and diapiric recycling in convergent margins

Polygenetic mélanges: a glimpse on tectonic, sedimentary and diapiric recycling in convergent margins

Last scene in the large scale rotations of the Western Carpathians as reflected in paleomagnetic constraints

Mélange, Flysch and Cliffs in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Poland): An Overview

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