Seismic Geomorphology and Stratigraphy of Depositional Elements in Deep-Water Settings

Abstract

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Turbidite and conglomerate successions in an Ordovician back-arc basin, Mid-Norwegian Caledonides: a result of long-term staging followed by catastrophic release of sediments

“…The lateral migration of sandstone facies within and among inferred channel geometries suggests some degree of sinuosity of the channel systems. Sinuous and laterally accreting channels tend to form as a result of sediment accumulation at inner and outer channel bends, unlike fluvial systems that consistently erode at outer bends and deposit sediments on inner channel bends (Posamentier & Kolla, 2003;Kane et al, 2008;Janocko et al, 2013). The variable degree of deposition and bypass in submarine systems allows for more stable channel geometries than in the fluvial counterpart.…”

“…There is, however, general consensus that the axial part of the channel will be a zone dominated by coarse-grained sediment bypass lags (Fig. 4B), and that lateral migration will still occur (e.g., Abreu et al, 2003;Posamentier & Kolla, 2003). Because of the asymmetry in channel cross-section created by the variable flows, instability and slumping is likely to occur at channel margins when the deepest part of the channel is shifted towards either of the channel margins.…”

“…The active channel will be dominated by conglomerates, while sandy material will be deposited along channel margins both as clean sandstone beds and, as a result of channel 'overflow' , also as matrix between the clast material. Flow velocities will vary within a sinuous channel system, and flow separation will result in the development of lateral accretion surfaces and bar forms at channel bends (e.g., Posamentier & Kolla, 2003;Mayall et al, 2006;Janocko et al, 2013). Flows may erode the matrix-rich deposits in fast-flowing parts of the channel and deposit its material where the flow slows down at the next channel bend.…”

“…The increased focus on deep-marine deposits and processes was largely driven by the oil industry and the identification of these deposits as exploration targets. Our understanding of deep-water depositional systems has since advanced significantly mainly due to the advent of high-quality 3D seismic data from continental margins worldwide (Posamentier & Kolla, 2003;Mayall et al, 2006;Janocko et al, 2013;Gong et al, 2015).…”

Fabric Development and Pore-Throat Reduction in a Mass-Transport Deposit in the Jubilee Gas Field, Eastern Gulf of Mexico: Consequences for the Sealing Capacity of MTDs

“…debris flows, slides, slumps) (Dott, 1963;Nardin et al, 1979;Hampton et al, 1996;Mulder and Cochonat, 1996;Moscardelli and Wood, 2008) ( Figure 1.1). MTCs are volumetrically important in modern and ancient deepwater basins (Posamentier and Kolla, 2003) and have a significant interplay with turbidites (Pickering and Corregidor, 2005;Nelson et al, 2011;Ortiz-Karpf et al, 2015)-a typical reservoirquality deposit in petroleum exploration. Although, for obvious industrial reasons, turbidites have received the most attention during the past decades, the more recent acquisition of high-resolution three-dimensional (3-D) seismic data has shown that many slope and abyssal systems comprise a very significant portion of MTCs.…”