Seismic fragility analysis of elevated steel storage tanks supported by reinforced concrete columns

Phan, Hoang Nam; Paolacci, Fabrizio; Bursi, Oreste S.; Tondini, Nicola

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2017.02.017

Cited by 44 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The tank was supported on a reinforced concrete slab with a diameter of 14.6 m and a thickness of 1.07 m. The slab was supported by sixteen reinforced concrete columns with a diameter of 500 mm. The height of the columns was 2.5 m. Each column was reinforced with sixteen, 16 mm diameter longitudinal bars and 8 mm diameter stirrups at 100 mm with yielding stress of 420 MPa [16]. The overall height of the tank was about 16 m.…”

Section: Description Of Investigated Elevated Tanks Numerical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismic performance assessment of non-code-conforming and code-conforming supporting structures of elevated tanks using conventional and risk-based decision models

Caprinozzi

Dolšek

2021

Engineering Structures

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The seismic performance of the supporting structure of the replica of an elevated tank that collapsed during the Kocaeli earthquake and its variant designed according to Eurocode 8 provisions was investigated. First, the performance of the tank was verified for the Kocaeli ground motion. Results of non-linear seismic response history analysis using simplified models accounting for different tank filling levels showed that the simplified model could provide qualitatively the same damage as were observed during the earthquake, while the seismic performance of the code-conforming tank was satisfactory. Then, the seismic performance assessment of the non-code-and code-conforming tanks was further investigated using the conventional decision model, which accounts for the demand-to-capacity ratio given the seismic design action, the conditional risk-based decision model and the risk-based decision model which utilise, respectively, the probability of exceeding a designated limit state for a given design seismic action and for a given period. The seismic performance of the non-code-conforming elevated tank was found insufficient by any of the three decision models, which indicated the need for action towards risk reduction for such structures. The opposite was realised for the code-conforming tank. However, the conventional decision model may be misleading because it indicated that the structure might be considered overdesigned, while risk-based decision model showed that the seismic performance of the code-conforming tank was close to the target value, set to 1% in 50 years. In the future, risk-targeted design approaches can improve decision-making in the design of critical components of industrial facilities.

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Section: Description Of Investigated Elevated Tanks Numerical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To introduce the stress-strain model to the supporting reinforced concrete columns, the section aggregator command of the OpenSees was used to provide a uniaxial hysteretic material to represent the sectional shear behaviour (Fig. 7), as suggested by Phan et al [16].…”

Section: Non-linear Model For the Seismic Performance Assessment Of Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic performance assessment of non-code-conforming and code-conforming supporting structures of elevated tanks using conventional and risk-based decision models

Caprinozzi

Dolšek

2021

Engineering Structures

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“…With a prudent selection of ground motions, both CA and IDA provide robust estimates of the median and dispersion across a range of ground motion intensities. A detailed discussion about the two approaches for the fragility analysis of steel storage tanks can be found in Phan et al (2016Phan et al ( , 2017 [2,17,18], where the priority of the CA method was demonstrated.…”

Section: Fragility Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This equipment is used to heat or vapourize large amounts of liquid products. For these tanks, collapse is mainly due to the soft-story phenomenon caused by the shear failure of the columns [2].…”

Section: Typical Tanks In An Oil and Gas Industrial Storage Facilitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic vulnerability analysis of storage tanks for oil and gas industry

Phan¹,

Paolacci²,

Corritore³

et al. 2018

Naukatekhnol. truboprov. transp. neftiinefteprod.

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O IL AND GAS TRANSPORTATION LINE components are particularly vulnerable to natural hazard events. Steel tanks are recognized as the most vulnerable equipment to seismic action, whose damage may result in the release of materials and thus the increase of overall damage to nearby areas. The seismic vulnerability of tanks is commonly expressed by fragility curves, which are conditional probability statements of potential levels of damage over a range of earthquake intensities. This paper aims to present an appropriate procedure for analytically deriving fragility curves of tanks with the treatment of uncertainties. At first, the analysis of critical damage states of steel storage tanks observed during past earthquakes is presented. Possible numerical models of tanks subjected to earthquakes are then discussed. An overview of seismic fragility methodologies for tanks is next presented. Attention is paid to an analytical method, i.e. cloud method, which is conducted by using a probabilistic seismic demand model and non-linear time-history analyses. A broad tank, which is located in a refinery in Italy, is considered for the fragility evaluation. Resulting fragility curves for critical damage states of the tank, such as the plastic rotation of the shell-to-bottom plate joint, the buckling of the bottom shell course, and the material yielding of the shell plate, show a high seismic vulnerability of the tank.

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“…This so‐called convective component seldom contributes noteworthy overturning actions on the tank, and thus, the decoupling among impulsive and convective modes may reasonably be taken for granted especially for squat tanks . Evidently, from an assessment point of view, it appears that one is left with a single system influenced by 2 (largely uncorrelated) spectral acceleration ordinates [eg S a ( T i ) and S a ( T c )], and little information available on the existing literature regarding the IM that better suits this particular case . The aim of this study is to explore the choice of the IM for liquid storage tanks on the basis of quantitative metrics and come up with the “optimal” solution from a pool of candidate IM s, ranging from simple to complicated ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic intensity measures for above‐ground liquid storage tanks

Bakalis

Kohrangi

Vamvatsikos

2018

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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Summary A series of scalar and vector intensity measures is examined to determine their suitability within the seismic risk assessment of liquid storage tanks. Using a surrogate modelling approach on a squat tank that is examined under both anchored and unanchored support conditions, incremental dynamic analysis is adopted to generate the distributions of response parameters conditioned on each of the candidate intensity measures. Efficiency and sufficiency metrics are used in order to perform the intensity measure evaluation for individual failure modes, while a comparison in terms of mean annual frequency of exceedance is performed with respect to a damage state that is mutually governed by the impulsive and convective modes of the tank. The results reveal combinations of spectral acceleration ordinates as adequate predictors, among which the average spectral acceleration is singled out as the optimal solution. The sole exception is found for the sloshing‐controlled modes of failure, where mainly the convective period spectral acceleration is deemed adequate to represent the associated response due to their underlying linear relationship. A computationally efficient method in terms of site hazard analysis is finally proposed to serve in place of the vector‐valued intensity measures, providing a good match for the unanchored tank considered and a more conservative one for the corresponding anchored system.

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Seismic fragility analysis of elevated steel storage tanks supported by reinforced concrete columns

Cited by 44 publications

References 27 publications

Seismic performance assessment of non-code-conforming and code-conforming supporting structures of elevated tanks using conventional and risk-based decision models

Seismic performance assessment of non-code-conforming and code-conforming supporting structures of elevated tanks using conventional and risk-based decision models

Seismic vulnerability analysis of storage tanks for oil and gas industry

Seismic intensity measures for above‐ground liquid storage tanks

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