Seismic Evidence of Quaternary Faulting in the Benton Hills Area, Southeast Missouri

Palmer, James; Shoemaker, Michael; Hoffman, David J.; Anderson, Neil Lennart; Vaughn, James D.; Harrison, Richard W.

doi:10.1785/gssrl.68.4.650

Cited by 28 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Non-destructive geophysical prospecting techniques may then be applied in order to map the fault trace with accuracy in the superficial sediments. During the last few years, a large number of high-resolution seismic reflection surveys have been conducted (see e.g., Williams et al, 1995;Palmer et al, 1997;Van Arsdale et al, 1998) to provide information on quaternary fault geometry and timing in different areas. For a very shallow investigation, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has been recently applied by Cai et al (1996) in the San Francisco Bay region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application and processing of geophysical images for mapping faults

Demanet

Pirard

Renardy

et al. 2001

Computers & Geosciences

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This paper describes the application of geophysical prospecting techniques to locate the active faults in superficial quaternary sediments. Both electrical tomography and seismic refraction tomography presented here were part of a geophysical campaign performed in the Roer Graben area as a reconnaissance tool before trenching for paleoseismological observations. The aim of this investigation was, in the first place, to determine the exact position of the active fault in order to determine the best emplacement of a later trench. An additional objective was to image the fault zone at shallow depth, allowing both a comparison with trench data, and a downward extrapolation of these direct observations. Both methods proved to be successful but generated relatively smooth images with a poor spatial resolution that were prone to a subjective interpretation by the operators. In order to restrict the interpretation of tomographies with quantitative measures of gradients, image analysis techniques were tested. This paper presents some preliminary results obtained on the use of crest line location methods issued from mathematical morphology. Synthetic models of simple resistivity anomalies along a faulted section were used to check the reliability of the image processing method. #

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application and processing of geophysical images for mapping faults

Demanet

Pirard

Renardy

et al. 2001

Computers & Geosciences

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“…Geologic mapping in southern Illinois and southeastern Missouri has documented late Cenozoic northeast-striking faults. Some authors have argued that these faults correlate with contemporary seismicity and indicate northward continuation of deformation related to the NMSZ (Harrison and Schultz, 1994;Palmer et al, 1997b;Nelson et al, 1997).…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Reflection Images of Shallow Faulting, Northernmost Mississippi Embayment, North of the New Madrid Seismic Zone

McBride¹

2001

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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High-resolution seismic reflection surveys document tectonic faults that displace Pleistocene and older strata just beyond the northeast termination of the New Madrid seismic zone, at the northernmost extent of the Mississippi embayment. These faults, which are part of the Fluorspar Area fault complex in southeastern Illinois, are directly in line with the northeast-trending seismic zone. The reflection data were acquired using an elastic weight-drop source recorded to 500 msec by a 48-geophone array (24-fold) with a 10-ft (ϳ3.0 m) station interval. Recognizable reflections were recorded to about 200 msec (100-150 m). The effects of multiple reflections, numerous diffractions, low apparent velocity (i.e., steeply dipping) noise, and the relatively low-frequency content of the recorded signal provided challenges for data processing and interpreting subtle fault offsets. Data processing steps that were critical to the detection of faults included residual statics, post-stack migration, deconvolution, and noise-reduction filtering. Seismic migration was crucial for detecting and mitigating complex fault-related diffraction patterns, which produced an apparent 'folding' of reflectors on unmigrated sections. Detected individual offsets of shallow reflectors range from 5 to 10 m for the top of Paleozoic bedrock and younger strata. The migrated sections generally indicate vertical to steeply dipping normal and reverse faults, which in places outline small horsts and/or grabens. Tilting or folding of stratal reflectors associated with faulting is also locally observed. At one site, the observed faulting is superimposed over a prominent antiformal structure, which may itself be a product of the Quaternary deformation that produced the steep normal and reverse faults. Our results suggest that faulting of the Paleozoic bedrock and younger sediments of the northern Mississippi embayment is more pervasive and less localized than previously thought.

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“…In the neo-tectonic research, in contrast, the scope is reversed. Several high-resolution seismic reflection surveys have been recently realized in the last few years to explain the geometry and timing of the Quaternary fault (Williams et al, 1995;Palmer et al, 1997;Van Arsdale et al, 1998). Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has been applied in the San Francisco Bay region by Cai et al, (1996) for very shallow investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing and calibrating a new approach of geoelectrical acquisition for detecting active tectonic features, Northern Dead Sea Fault System, Syria

Asfahani

Al-Fares

2023

Geofis Int

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Se adopta un nuevo enfoque geoeléctrico interpretativo mediante el uso de la técnica de sondeo eléctrico vertical (VES) con una configuración geoeléctrica de Schlumberger y la técnica de Pichgin y Habibuleave principalmente. El enfoque propuesto busca obtener datos interpretativos de resistividad aparente confiables para profundidades someras, de menos de unos10 metros. La configuración VES se adapta usando espaciamientos AB/2 pequeños, que no superan 50 m y se utiliza para caracterizar estructuras de depósitos Recientes y Cuaternarios en la región de la depresión de Al-Ghab. Los espaciados AB/2 usados en esa disposición de Schlumberger son 1, 1.3, 1.68, 2.18, 2.82, 3.66, 4.74, 6.15, 7.97, 10.33, 13.38, 17.35, 22.49, 29.15, 37.78 y 48.87 metros. Con esas estructuras se obtienen buenos registros para identificar eventos activos y neotectónicos. Las interpretaciones de los ocho grupos de datos VES adquiridos a lo largo de un perfil ubicado sobre una excavación en el área de Mehanbel, con un enfoque integrado mejorado de Pichgin y Habibuleave, brindan resultados cuantitativos calibrados que están en concordancia exacta con las posiciones reales de las estructuras Reciente y Cuaternaria. Por lo tanto, los resultados obtenidos alientan a aplicar esta configuración adaptada en otros lugares para detectar fallas activas afloradas o ciegas y otras características estructurales en depósitos Recientes y Cuaternarios. Las mejores ubicaciones para la excavación de zanjas utilizadas para estudiar las nuevas características tectónicas activas se decidirán a la luz de las imágenes geoeléctricas del subsuelo obtenidas por este enfoque integrado, a lo largo de diferentes perfiles en un área de estudio determinada.

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Seismic Evidence of Quaternary Faulting in the Benton Hills Area, Southeast Missouri

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

Application and processing of geophysical images for mapping faults

Application and processing of geophysical images for mapping faults

Seismic Reflection Images of Shallow Faulting, Northernmost Mississippi Embayment, North of the New Madrid Seismic Zone

Developing and calibrating a new approach of geoelectrical acquisition for detecting active tectonic features, Northern Dead Sea Fault System, Syria

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