Seismic data gathering

Cooper, H. W.; Cook, Rick

doi:10.1109/proc.1984.13016

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Cooper and Cook () proposed that, when no shooting was being done, the sources of coherent noise mainly included the following: vehicle traffic, machinery, and 60 Hz (or 50 Hz) interference from power lines. Since our acquisitions are performed in remote areas, the cultural noise is minimal.…”

Section: The Data Set and The Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical analysis of background noise in seismic prospecting

Zhong

et al. 2015

Geophysical Prospecting

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From a conventional viewpoint, seismic‐prospecting background noise is usually regarded as the product of a stationary and Gaussian stochastic process. In this paper, we use statistical methods to investigate the properties of the land‐seismic‐prospecting background noise on stationarity, Gaussianity, power spectral density, and spatial correlation. We use and analyse the passive noise records collected by receiver arrays at different typical geological environments (desert, steppe, and mountainous regions). Differences exist in the statistical properties of the background noise from different geological environments, but we still find some common characteristics. It is shown that the background noise is not strictly stationary and has different stationary properties over different timescales. Most of the noise records appear to be a Gaussian process when examined over a period of about 20 s but are found to be non‐Gaussian when examined over shorter periods of about 1 s. The background noise is a kind of colored noise, and its energy mainly concentrates in the low‐frequency bands. We also find that the spatial correlation of the background noise is weak. The results of this paper provide a scientific understanding about the properties of seismic‐prospecting background noise.

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Section: The Data Set and The Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical analysis of background noise in seismic prospecting

Zhong

et al. 2015

Geophysical Prospecting

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“…Seismic sensors used in an onshore seismic exploration can either be geophones or accelerometers. The most commonly used sensors are the geophones [21], which measure ground motion or velocity when shaken by an energy source and converts it into electrical energy. The moving-coil system design is typically employed in geophones [22].…”

Section: Seismic Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basically, the sensitivity of the geophone is such that a unit ground velocity produces voltage measured in millivolt per inch per second (mV/ips) [17]. The geophone is a damped resonant system with a damping factor usually in the range of 0.5-0.7 and a resonant frequency usually from as low as 8 Hz to greater than 100 Hz, which provides adequate coupling for most seismic applications [21]. Waves travelling through the earth's surface comprise of three orthogonal components in nature [23].…”

Section: Seismic Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Waves travelling through the earth's surface comprise of three orthogonal components in nature [23]. A normal geophone measures only the vertical component of the ground's motion velocity [21]. A three-component (3-C) geophone, with three spring-mounted coils arranged orthogonally in a single case, measures the three mutually orthogonal components of the particle velocity [23].…”

Section: Seismic Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Wireless Geophone Networks for Land Seismic Data Acquisition: A Survey, Tutorial and Performance Evaluation

Makama

Kuladinithi

Timm‐Giel

2021

Sensors

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Seismic data acquisition in oil and gas exploration employs a large-scale network of geophone sensors deployed in thousands across a survey field. A central control unit acquires and processes measured data from geophones to come up with an image of the earth’s subterranean structure to locate oil and gas traps. Conventional seismic acquisition systems rely on cables to connect each sensor. Although cable-based systems are reliable, the sheer amount of cable required is tremendous, causing complications in survey logistics as well as survey downtime. The need for a cable-free seismic data acquisition system has attracted much attention from contractors, exploration companies, and researchers to lay out the enabling wireless technology and architecture in seismic explorations. This paper gives a general overview of land seismic data acquisition and also presents a current and retrospective review of the state-of-the-art wireless seismic data acquisition systems. Furthermore, a simulation-based performance evaluation of real-time, small-scale wireless geophone subnetwork is carried out using the IEEE 802.11 g technology based on the concept of seismic data acquisition during the geophone listen or recording period. In addition, we investigate an optimal number of seismic samples that could be sent by each geophone during this period.

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“…As is well known, whereas no shooting is being done, the sources of coherent noise in land-seismic prospecting come mainly from vehicle traffic, machinery, and 60-Hz (or 50-Hz) power lines (Cooper and Cook, 1984). Since our acquisitions are performed in remote areas, the cultural noise is relatively low.…”

Section: Real Noise Datamentioning

confidence: 99%