Seismic anisotropy and large-scale deformation of the Eastern Alps

Bokelmann, Götz; Qorbani, Ehsan; Bianchi, Irene

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.09.019

Cited by 43 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Along the Alpine chain, mountain belt-parallel anisotropy has been already observed (Vinnik et al, 1994;Smith and Ekström, 1999;Barruol et al, 2011;Bokelmann et al, 2013, Bianchi and. However, the average fast axis of SKS splitting showed ~10° (counterclockwise) deviation from the Alps trend in the eastern Alps, along the TRANSALP (Kummerow and Kind, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the average fast axis of SKS splitting showed ~10° (counterclockwise) deviation from the Alps trend in the eastern Alps, along the TRANSALP (Kummerow and Kind, 2006). This difference is about ~20° in the Central Alps (see Barruol et al, 2011) and further to the east from the TRANSALP profile (~12°E, in the middle of TW region), this deviation reaches up to ~45° (see Bokelmann et al, 2013, Qorbani et al, 2015.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2: Background, average shear-wave splitting results (arrows) at broadband stations in the eastern Alps (Bokelmann et al, 2013;Qorbani et al, 2015). The orientation of the lines represents fast axis azimuth (°N) and the length indicates the amount of delay time in seconds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this, it seems best to consider a region where rocks from deeper levels within the crust are exposed at the surface. This is the case in the Tauern Window, which is a key area for understanding late Alpine deformation (e.g., Lippitsch et al, 2003;Bokelmann et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This also con- Correlated crustal and mantle deformation in the Tauern Window, Eastern Alps__________________________________________ Kind, 2006), and for the eastern Alps (Bokelmann et al, 2013;Qorbani et al, 2015). They indicate the geometry of "deep deformation" under the area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlated crustal and mantle deformation in the Tauern Window, Eastern Alps

Qorbani¹,

Kurz²,

Bianchi³

et al. 2015

AJES

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlated crustal and mantle deformation in the Tauern Window, Eastern Alps

Qorbani¹,

Kurz²,

Bianchi³

et al. 2015

AJES

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Mantle dynamics in the Mediterranean

et al. 2014

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The Mediterranean offers a unique opportunity to study the driving forces of tectonic deformation within a complex mobile belt. Lithospheric dynamics are affected by slab rollback and collision of two large, slowly moving plates, forcing fragments of continental and oceanic lithosphere to interact. This paper reviews the rich and growing set of constraints from geological reconstructions, geodetic data, and crustal and upper mantle heterogeneity imaged by structural seismology. We proceed to discuss a conceptual and quantitative framework for the causes of surface deformation. Exploring existing and newly developed tectonic and numerical geodynamic models, we illustrate the role of mantle convection on surface geology. A coherent picture emerges which can be outlined by two, almost symmetric, upper mantle convection cells. The downwellings are found in the center of the Mediterranean and are associated with the descent of the Tyrrhenian and the Hellenic slabs. During plate convergence, these slabs migrated backward with respect to the Eurasian upper plate, inducing a return flow of the asthenosphere from the back-arc regions toward the subduction zones. This flow can be found at large distance from the subduction zones and is at present expressed in two upwellings beneath Anatolia and eastern Iberia. This convection system provides an explanation for the general pattern of seismic anisotropy in the Mediterranean, first-order Anatolia, and Adria microplate kinematics and may contribute to the high elevation of scarcely deformed areas such as Anatolia and eastern Iberia. More generally, the Mediterranean is an illustration of how upper mantle, small-scale convection leads to intraplate deformation and complex plate boundary reconfiguration at the westernmost terminus of the Tethyan collision.

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Deformation in the asthenospheric mantle beneath the Carpathian‐Pannonian Region

et al. 2016

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To better understand the evolution and present‐day tectonics of the Carpathian‐Pannonian Region (CPR), we characterize the upper mantle anisotropic structure. We present a shear wave splitting analysis from teleseismic events recorded at the Carpathian Basin Project and permanent stations located in the CPR. The results show a large‐scale uniform NW‐SE fast orientation under the entire CPR. Compared with the complexity of geologic structures, the anisotropy expresses a relatively simple pattern of deformation. We attribute this anisotropy to an asthenospheric origin and interpret it as flow‐induced alignment within the upper mantle. We also observe a few measurements depicting NE‐SW fast orientation in line with the Mid‐Hungarian Shear Zone. This suggests the likely contribution of either lithosphere or northeastward flow into a slab gap under the northern Dinarides. We observe splitting delay times on average of 1 s, showing noticeable change (60%) in the middle Pannonian basin. This change correlates well with the variation in the thickness of low‐velocity zones that were previously imaged between a depth of 75 and 400 km by velocity tomography. In order to evaluate the relation between anisotropy and tectonics, we compare our data with the tectonic models that have so far been suggested to explain the evolution and current‐stage tectonics of the region. We present here a plausible tectonic model responsible for the NW‐SE anisotropy within the asthenospheric mantle. In this model, NW‐SE deformation is mainly generated in a northeastward compressional tectonic regime acting in a wide region between the Adriatic microplate and the East European platform.

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Seismic anisotropy and large-scale deformation of the Eastern Alps

Cited by 43 publications

References 31 publications

Correlated crustal and mantle deformation in the Tauern Window, Eastern Alps

Correlated crustal and mantle deformation in the Tauern Window, Eastern Alps

Mantle dynamics in the Mediterranean

Deformation in the asthenospheric mantle beneath the Carpathian‐Pannonian Region

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