Seismic and aseismic slip along subduction zones and their tectonic implications

Kanamori, Hiroo

doi:10.1029/me001p0163

Cited by 147 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Although terraces are observed in Mariana and Tonga, the rate of uplift appears to be almost an order of magnitude smaller than in the Chilean type coasts [Taylor and Bloom, 1977 [Kanamori, 1971a[Kanamori, , 1977b. As seen in Figure 8, the process of subduction starts with low-angle thrusting as in the case of the Alaska Trench.…”

Section: Sedimentarymentioning

confidence: 93%

Back‐arc opening and the mode of subduction

Uyeda¹,

Kanamori²

1979

J. Geophys. Res.

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1,185

549

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Trench-arc systems (subduction zones) can be classified into two types depending on whether or not actively opening back-arc basins are associated with them. This suggests that subduction of an oceanic plate is not a sufficient condition for back-arc opening, though it may be necessary one. Mechanisms that cause the distinction between the two types have been investigated. Earthquake studies suggest that there is a significant difference in the mode of plate motion at interplate boundaries between the two types of

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Section: Sedimentarymentioning

confidence: 93%

Back‐arc opening and the mode of subduction

Uyeda¹,

Kanamori²

1979

J. Geophys. Res.

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1,185

549

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“…In this and previous studies [e.g., Kanamori, 1977;Lay and Kanamori, 1981;Lay et al, 1982], analysis of the seismic moments suggests that the fault slip recorded by radiated earthquake waves corresponds to only a fraction of the slip accompanying plate convergence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recently, a number of investigators have explained the tectonic characteristics of different island arc systems in terms of the degree of coupling between the subducting and overriding plates [e.g., Kanamori, 1977;Uyeda and Kanamori, 1979;Lay and Kanamori, 1981;Jarrard, 1986]. In these schemes, they classify Vanuatu along with Middle America as having coupling of intermediate strength on the basis of the sizes of the largest earthquakes and their tendency to cluster [Kelleher et al, 1974;Lay and Kanamori, 1981].…”

Section: Degree Of Lnterplate Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic recurrence intervals and timing of aseismic subduction inferred from emerged corals and reefs of the Central Vanuatu (New Hebrides) Frontal Arc

Taylor¹,

Edwards²,

Wasserburg³

et al. 1990

J. Geophys. Res.

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The recogmuon and dating of corals that have been killed by tectonic uplift allow us to date paleoseismic uplifts in the Vanuatu island arc. We recognize corals that record paleouplifts by their similarity to those known to have died during contemporary sudden uplifts and date them (1) by counting annual coral growth bands (only if f:rt of the coral is alive at the time of collection) or (2) by newly developed techniques for obtaining 0 Th ages by mass spectrometry. The mass spectrometric method produces isotopic ages with precisions of ±3 to ±9 years (20') in the 0-HlOO years B.P. The maximum uplift of 2.7 mm yr 1 occurs near a nest of small earthquakes. Both the earthquakes and rapid uplift suggest that interplate slip beneath south Malekula may be continuous, rather than episodic. Episodes of 0.35 m uplift would have to recur every 130 years to maintain the 2.7 mm yr· 1 uplift rate. In contrast, we find no evidence of interseismic vertical movements for the other three blocks. The most reasonable interpretation of these resuhs is that the seismic recurrence intervals and processes for accommodation of slip are quite different on adjacent arc segments. We have used the most widely accepted momentmagnitude relationship to evaluate the accumulated seismic slip caused by large earthquakes occurring since 1920. In all four arc segments this analysis suggests that the seismically radiated moments account for less than one-third to one-tenth of the slip associated with plate convergence. The similarity between the paleoseismic record of uplifts and the contemporary record of coseismic uplifts suggests that this analysis can be generalized to times before 1920. For the northern three segments of central Vanuatu, aseismic slip probably occurs in the same years as large earthquakes because the contemporary coral record records uplifts only in years having large historic earthquakes. This suggests that aseismic slip is not continuous and does not occur at rates which vary slowly over the course of the earthquake cycle. The soulh Santo segment may have the highest proportion of seismic slip because the mean recurrence interval of 51 years is shortest and the mean Holocene uplift rate of at least 5.5 mm yr· 1 is the fastest.

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“…The current tectonics of the Japanese Islands can be explained as the interaction between the Pacific, Eurasia, North American, and Philippine Sea plates (KANAMORI 1977;TAIRA 2001). Therefore, plate tectogenesis in the Japanese Islands is very strongly influenced by active volcanoes and earthquakes; the latter are caused by the subduction of the Pacific Plate below the Eurasia Plate at a rate of 8-9 cm/a west of the Japan Trench (CHEN et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Far-Field Co-seismic and Post-seismic Responses Caused by the 2011 M W 9.0 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

Shao

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2015

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Abstract-We analyzed the far-field co-seismic response of the M W 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, which occurred on March 11th 2011 at the Japan Trench plate boundary. Our analysis indicates that the far-field co-seismic displacement was very sensitive to the magnitude of this event, and that a significant co-seismic surface displacement from earthquakes in the Japan Trench region can be observed in Eurasia only for events of M W C 8.0. We also analyzed the temporal characteristics of the near-field post-seismic deformation caused by the afterslip and the viscoelastic relaxation following the Japan earthquake. Next, we performed a simulation to analyze the influence of the two post-seismic effects previously mentioned on the far-field post-seismic crustal deformation. The simulation results help explain the post-seismic crustal deformation observed on the Chinese mainland 1.5 years after the event. Fitting results revealed that after the M W 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, the afterslip decayed exponentially, and may eventually disappear after 4 years. The far-field post-seismic displacement in Eurasia caused by the viscoelastic relaxation following this earthquake will reach the same magnitude as the co-seismic displacement in approximately 10 years. In addition, the co-and post-seismic Coulomb stress on several NE-trending faults in the northeastern and northern regions of the Chinese mainland were significantly enhanced because of the M W 9.0 earthquake, especially on the Yilan-Yitong and the Dunhua-Mishan faults (the northern section of the Tan-Lu fault zone) as well as the Yalujiang and the FuyuZhaodong faults.

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Seismic and aseismic slip along subduction zones and their tectonic implications

Cited by 147 publications

References 42 publications

Back‐arc opening and the mode of subduction

Back‐arc opening and the mode of subduction

Seismic recurrence intervals and timing of aseismic subduction inferred from emerged corals and reefs of the Central Vanuatu (New Hebrides) Frontal Arc

Analysis of the Far-Field Co-seismic and Post-seismic Responses Caused by the 2011 M W 9.0 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

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