Segregation as Splitting, Segregation as Joining: Schools, Housing, and the Many Modes of Jim Crow

Highsmith, Andrew R.; Erickson, Ansley T.

doi:10.1086/681942

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The real problem, as a number of studies have indicated, is that location has historically delivered identifiable information with reference to race, ethnicity, income, education, wealth, and other factors (Bader & Krysan, 2015;Clark, 1992;Emerson, Chai, & Yancey, 2001;Highsmith & Erickson, 2015;Jargowsky, 2014;Krysan, Couper, Farley, & Forman, 2009). Profit-oriented service vendors, seeking to identify who are financially profitable customers, can make judgments about potential markets on the basis of the demographic and socioeconomic features in a specific place, regardless of service benefits and demands.…”

Section: Impact Of Location On Access To Quasi-marketsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding site selection of for-profit educational management organization charter schools

Liu

2018

EPAA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Citation: Lee, J. (2018). Understanding site selection of for-profit educational management organization charter schools. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 26(77). http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.26.3024Abstract: The rise of for-profit EMOs often becomes evidence of substantial shifts in the governance of education, through which schooling may become privatized and commercialized. This study is designed to understand the economic behavior of for -profit educational management organization charter schools, by focusing on their site selection decisions as a critical factor in making a profit. Using the locations of for-profit EMO charter schools in Michigan, the study examines determinants of the location decision on charter school markets, with the choice set of potential school districts. This research finds changes of the odds ratio in the percentage of for-profit EMO charter schools, logged expenditures per pupil, and in the proportions of African-American populations, populations who have experienced higher education, and unemployed populations. Provided that for-profit EMO charter schools make a site selection decision according to areas with certain characteristics, the spatial disparity of access to charter schools can raise issues concerning unequal educational opportunities. Keywords: for-profit; educational management organization; charter school; location Education Policy Analysis Archives Vol. 26 No. 77 2 Entendiendo la selección de local de organizaciones charter de organización educativa con fines de lucro Resumen: La aparición de EMO con fines de lucro a menudo se convierte en evidencia de cambios sustanciales en la gobernanza de la educación, a través de los cuales la escolarización puede tornarse privatizada y comercializada. Este estudio fue elaborado para entender el comportamiento económico de las escuelas charter de organizaciones de gestión educativa con fines lucrativos, concentrándose en sus decisiones de selección de local como un factor crítico para obtener ganancias. Utilizando la ubicación de escuelas charter EMO con fines de lucro en Michigan, el estudio examina los determinantes de la decisión de localización en los mercados de escuelas chárter, con la elección de los distritos escolares potenciales. Esta investigación encuentra cambios en la razón de posibilidades en el porcentaje de escuelas charter EMO con fines lucrativos, gastos registrados por alumno, y en las proporciones de poblaciones afroamericanas, que tienen educación superior y poblaciones desempleadas. Dado que las escuelas charter EMO con fines de lucro toman una decisión de selección de local de acuerdo con áreas con ciertas características, la disparidad espacial de acceso a escuelas charter puede plantear cuestiones sobre oportunidades educativas desiguales. Palabras clave: con fines de lucro; organización de gestión educativa; escuela charter; localización Entendendo a seleção de local de organizações charter de organização educacional com fins lucrativos Resumo: O surgimento de EMOs com fins lucrativos muitas...

show abstract

Section: Impact Of Location On Access To Quasi-marketsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding site selection of for-profit educational management organization charter schools

Liu

2018

EPAA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The birthplace of General Motors, Flint grew rapidly during the early to mid-20th century, including drawing many Black and White residents from the American South (Highsmith, 2009). As a northern city, it was not subject to Jim Crow laws, yet spatial segregation and discrimination in employment and housing created a highly bifurcated urban area (Highsmith and Erickson, 2015). The passage of Fair Housing in 1968, attempts at urban renewal in the 1960s and 1970s, and subsequent deindustrialization during the 1970s and 1980s all combined to drive residents out of the city (particularly White residents initially, but later both White and Black middle class residents) and increase social challenges such as vacant properties, mental health issues, drug use, and crime (Henthorn, 2005;Highsmith, 2014).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-engaged development of a GIS-based healthfulness index to shape health equity solutions

Sadler

Hippensteel

Nelson

et al. 2019

Social Science & Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Addressing health disparities requires both community engagement and an understanding of the social determinants of health. Although elements of the built environment can influence behavior change in public health interventions, such determinants have not been explicitly teased out via participatory mapping. An opportunity exists to integrate community voice in the development of such metrics. To fill this gap and inform the deployment of public health interventions in the Flint (USA) Center for Health Equity Solutions (FCHES), we created a means of assessing spatially-varying community needs and assets in a geographic information system (GIS), what we refer to as a healthfulness index. We engaged community and academic partners in their expert opinions on features of Flint's built environment that may promote or inhibit healthy behaviors via a multiple-criteria decision analysis framework. Experts selected from and ranked 29 variables in 6 categories (including amenities, environment, greenspace, housing, infrastructure, and social issues) using the analytic hierarchy process. The resulting matrices of expert opinions were aggregated and appended as weights for each variable's corresponding map layer. When combined through map algebra, composite scores yield spatially-varying healthfulness indices which signal any neighborhood's relative health promoting qualities (along a 0-100 scale). Results varied substantially across Flint, with the middle belt scoring highest and older neighborhoods in the northeast and north center of the city scoring lowest. Scores were aggregated to 38 Flint neighborhoods; for each of two project-specific indices, these ranged from lows of 38.7 (Hilborn Park) and 41.8 (Columbia Heights) to highs of 52.9 (College Cultural) and 58.0 (University Ave Corridor). We hypothesize that-even when controlling for individual-level factors-we will measure better and more sustained behavior change among participants living in neighborhoods with high healthfulness scores. Future work will examine this hypothesis and determine the importance of such indices in other similar communities.

show abstract

“…In a further section of the document, survey committees were instructed to make sure that any new district included people with “many common interests.” Under no circumstances should new districts, the SCSD insisted, “include sharply contrasting centers of cultural, religious, or economic interests which would probably result in discrimination against some children” (California State Commission, 1946b). Not unlike the “neighborhood unit” concept that Highsmith and Erickson (2015) identified in relation to the policies and segregationist thought facilitating school segregation in Flint, Michigan, the concept of “natural groupings” created state direction on ways to ensure that school district boundary changes maintained and exacerbated school segregation.…”

Section: Benefits Of Locating Education In Space and Timementioning

confidence: 99%

A Map Is More Than Just a Graph: Geospatial Educational Research and the Importance of Historical Context

Kelly

2019

AERA Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this article, I discuss the promise of geospatial techniques for education policy research and how increased attention to the historical context of spatial data can enhance that work. While scholarship utilizing geographic information systems has added considerable breadth to our understanding of education policy, recent geospatial studies in education policy tended to neglect long-term, historical trends. Drawing on research in geography dealing with temporality, this article discusses the critical importance of historical context for spatial analysis. Then, to illustrate this point, I use the example of education policy research on school district boundaries to suggest the benefits of extending our temporal frame when conducting geospatial educational research. Greater attention to the historical context of geospatial data can (1) help policy researchers generate new research questions, (2) enhance their use of quantitative spatial analysis techniques, and (3) deepen their understanding of the underlying causes of contemporary patterns in the distribution of educational opportunity.

show abstract

Segregation as Splitting, Segregation as Joining: Schools, Housing, and the Many Modes of Jim Crow

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Understanding site selection of for-profit educational management organization charter schools

Understanding site selection of for-profit educational management organization charter schools

Community-engaged development of a GIS-based healthfulness index to shape health equity solutions

A Map Is More Than Just a Graph: Geospatial Educational Research and the Importance of Historical Context

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About