Segregation and Heritability of Male Sterility in Populations Derived from Progeny of Satsuma Mandarin

Goto, Shingo; Yoshioka, Terutaka; Ohta, Satoshi; Kita, Masakazu; Hamada, Hiroko; Shimizu, Tokurou

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162408

Cited by 23 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Furthermore, Satsuma is an entirely male sterile variety but Kishu and kunenbo are fertile varieties [117,133]. Goto et al recently revealed that male sterility of Satsuma is mostly caused by a decrease in pollen in the anther, and suggested the involvement of a nuclear gene to decrease pollen number [134]. The inferred parentage of Satsuma, Kishu and kunenbo with yuzu, sweet orange, sour orange, koji, tachibana and various pummelos is anticipated to enable a deep understanding of these traits of importance to the citrus industry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Origins of Citrus Varieties Inferred from DNA Marker Analysis of Nuclear and Organelle Genomes

et al. 2016

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Most indigenous citrus varieties are assumed to be natural hybrids, but their parentage has so far been determined in only a few cases because of their wide genetic diversity and the low transferability of DNA markers. Here we infer the parentage of indigenous citrus varieties using simple sequence repeat and indel markers developed from various citrus genome sequence resources. Parentage tests with 122 known hybrids using the selected DNA markers certify their transferability among those hybrids. Identity tests confirm that most variant strains are selected mutants, but we find four types of kunenbo (Citrus nobilis) and three types of tachibana (Citrus tachibana) for which we suggest different origins. Structure analysis with DNA markers that are in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium deduce three basic taxa coinciding with the current understanding of citrus ancestors. Genotyping analysis of 101 indigenous citrus varieties with 123 selected DNA markers infers the parentages of 22 indigenous citrus varieties including Satsuma, Temple, and iyo, and single parents of 45 indigenous citrus varieties, including kunenbo, C. ichangensis, and Ichang lemon by allele-sharing and parentage tests. Genotyping analysis of chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes using 11 DNA markers classifies their cytoplasmic genotypes into 18 categories and deduces the combination of seed and pollen parents. Likelihood ratio analysis verifies the inferred parentages with significant scores. The reconstructed genealogy identifies 12 types of varieties consisting of Kishu, kunenbo, yuzu, koji, sour orange, dancy, kobeni mikan, sweet orange, tachibana, Cleopatra, willowleaf mandarin, and pummelo, which have played pivotal roles in the occurrence of these indigenous varieties. The inferred parentage of the indigenous varieties confirms their hybrid origins, as found by recent studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Origins of Citrus Varieties Inferred from DNA Marker Analysis of Nuclear and Organelle Genomes

et al. 2016

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“…Regarding parthenocarpic behaviour, ‘Satsuma’ is known as a natural obligatory parthenocarpic mandarin, and can set fruit without any external stimulus, whereas ‘Clementine’ is a facultative parthenocarpic mandarin that requires pollen stimulation in order to set fruit . In addition to parthenocarpy, other genetically inherent traits which allow production of seedless fruit or influence seed number are male/female sterility and self‐incompatibility . For example, some ‘Satsuma’ varieties possess cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) that results in abortion of anthers during initial stages of development before pollen production .…”

Section: Fruit Quality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mandarin fruit quality: a review

et al. 2017

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During the last decade, there has been a continuous rise in consumption and global marketing of fresh, easy-to-peel mandarins, with current annual production of nearly 29 million tons. Nevertheless, most of the existing knowledge on quality traits of citrus fruit comes from research conducted on oranges and grapefruit, which are the main products for the citrus juice manufacturing industry; relatively little is yet known regarding the unique fruit quality traits of mandarins, nor about the great diversity in these traits among the various natural sub-groups and varieties of mandarins. In the present review we discuss the physiological, biochemical, and molecular factors governing key fruit quality attributes of mandarins, including fruit colour, size and shape, ease of peeling, seedlessness, flavour, and nutritional quality. Fruit colour, size, and shape contribute to external appearance; peelability and seedlessness to ease of consumption; and flavour and nutritional quality to internal quality.

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“…Their seedlings were grafted onto trifoliate orange rootstock as a single replicate in April 2012. The details about grafting and cultivation were described in our previous report [ 14 ]. The NPG and APF of individual seedlings in the O46-O56 and the O46-K populations in 2014 and 2015 were evaluated previously [ 14 , 20 ] and those in the O46-O56 in 2016 were newly evaluated in this study ( S1 Table ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 (G1), was regenerated [ 8 ] and confirmed to be male-sterile and seedless with a severe degeneration of stamen and petals [ 11 , 12 ] and aborted pollen grains in anthers [ 13 ]. In contrast, our recent study indicated that both the number of pollen grains per anther (NPG) and the apparent pollen fertility (APF) of male-sterile varieties, which are used to compute the index of male sterility, are inherited by their progeny and suggested the involvement of a nuclear factor [ 14 ]. This study also suggested that the cooperative action of the cytoplasm derived from Satsuma and the nuclear gene(s) is a prerequisite for the expression of NPG [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, our recent study indicated that both the number of pollen grains per anther (NPG) and the apparent pollen fertility (APF) of male-sterile varieties, which are used to compute the index of male sterility, are inherited by their progeny and suggested the involvement of a nuclear factor [ 14 ]. This study also suggested that the cooperative action of the cytoplasm derived from Satsuma and the nuclear gene(s) is a prerequisite for the expression of NPG [ 14 ]. However, it remains to be clarified whether nuclear genes are involved in male sterility derived from Satsuma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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QTL mapping of male sterility and transmission pattern in progeny of Satsuma mandarin

et al. 2018

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Seedlessness is one of the important traits in citrus breeding. Male sterility derived from Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu) has been used in Japanese citrus breeding programs to obtain seedless cultivars. The efficiency of seedless cultivar breeding would be improved by developing a selection marker linked to seedlessness. In this study, we performed QTL mapping in ‘Okitsu No. 46’ × ‘Okitsu No. 56’ (O46-O56) crosses for the number of pollen grains per anther (NPG) and apparent pollen fertility (APF), two traits used as an index of male sterility, and detected a candidate QTL for NPG (MS-P1) on linkage group 8 with a significant LOD score (7.31) and 47% of variance explained. The QTL for APF (MS-F1) was detected on linkage group 6 with a significant LOD score (5.71) and 63.6% of variance explained. The role of both MS-P1 in reducing NPG and MS-F1 in decreasing APF were confirmed with the ‘Okitsu No.46’ × ‘Kara’ (O46-K) cross. Pedigree analysis inferred that both MS-P1 and MS-F1 in ‘Okitsu No. 46’ were derived from kunenbo (Citrus nobilis) through hassaku (C. hassaku) and ‘Sweet Spring’. Cytoplasm analysis revealed that both male-sterile ‘Sweet Spring’ and ‘Okitsu No. 46’ have cytoplasm derived from Kishu (C. kinokuni hort. ex Tanaka), but the cytoplasm of male-sterile kunenbo and hassaku were derived from other varieties rather than Kishu. These results suggest that MS-P1 and MS-F1 primarily reduce the NPG and decrease APF, but their expression requires a cytoplasm derived from Kishu. These findings will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism of male sterility in citrus and help to develop a DNA marker for seedless breeding in citrus.

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Segregation and Heritability of Male Sterility in Populations Derived from Progeny of Satsuma Mandarin

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Hybrid Origins of Citrus Varieties Inferred from DNA Marker Analysis of Nuclear and Organelle Genomes

Hybrid Origins of Citrus Varieties Inferred from DNA Marker Analysis of Nuclear and Organelle Genomes

Mandarin fruit quality: a review

QTL mapping of male sterility and transmission pattern in progeny of Satsuma mandarin

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