Segregation and Fractionation of Magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE Sulfides in the Western Jinchuan Intrusion, Northwestern China: Insights from Platinum Group Element Geochemistry

Chen, Lie-Meng; Song, Xie‐Yan; Keays, Reid R.; Yulong, Tian; Wang, Yushan; Deng, Yu-Feng; Xiao, Jianru

doi:10.2113/econgeo.108.8.1793

Cited by 63 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The calculated ε Nd (t=831 Ma) Chai and Naldrett (1992a, b), Chen et al (2013), Song et al (2006Song et al ( , 2009, Su et al (2008), andTonnelier (2010) values and initial 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios vary from −9.2 to −10.5 and from 0.7077 to 0.7093, respectively. These new data, together with the previous results (Tang et al 1992;Zhang et al 2004), form a positive correlation, pointing toward the upper crust (Fig.…”

Section: Hf-sr-nd Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…11 The oxidation states of the Jinchuan magmatic sulfide deposit determined using olivine compositions and Ni contents in bulk sulfide using the method of Barnes et al (2013). The values for the Voisey's Bay deposit are from Barnes et al (2013) Chai and Naldrett (1992a, b), Chen et al (2013), Song et al (2006), Su et al (2008), and Tonnelier (2010. Modeling parameters: sulfide/magma D Ir =30,000, D Pd =30,000; MSS/liquid D Ir = 5, D Pd =0.1; initial magma Ir=0.005 ppb and Pd=1.1 ppb for I-a and II-W-a; initial magma Ir=0.12 ppb and Pd=1 ppb for the other zones.…”

Section: The Role Of Fractional Crystallization In Sulfide Saturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data are from this study,Chai and Naldrett (1992a, b),Chen et al (2013),Song et al (2006), Su et al (2008), and Tonnelier (2010 of S from Archean crustal rocks(Farquhar and Wing 2003;Fiorentini et al 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It contains more than 500 million metric tons of ores with 1.1 wt% Ni and 0.7 wt% Cu (Tang et al 2009). Recently, many studies on the deposit and its host intrusion have been carried out (e.g., Chai and Naldrett 1992a, b;Chen et al 2013;de Waal et al 2004;Li et al 2004;Lehmann et al 2007;Song et al 2006Song et al , 2009Song et al , 2012Su et al 2008;Tang 1993;Tonnelier 2010). These studies have improved our understanding of the genetic relationship between magma evolution and ore genesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple S isotopes, zircon Hf isotopes, whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopes, and spatial variations of PGE tenors in the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, NW China

Duan

Zhang

et al. 2015

Miner Deposita

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Previous geochemical data for the Jinchuan NiCu-(platinum-group elements, PGE) deposit, the single largest magmatic sulfide deposit in the world, are derived primarily from the upper parts of the deposit. This paper reports new PGE and S-Hf-Sr-Nd isotope data for the lower parts of the deposit that have become accessible for sampling by ongoing underground mining activity. New PGE data from this study, together with previous results, indicate that PGE tenors in the bulk sulfide ores of the deposit increase eastward, except for two fault-offset ore zones which occur together within the western part of the deposit. Generally, these two ore zones show depletions in IPGE (Ir, Ru, Rh) but not in PPGE (Pt, Pd) and Cu, and more fractionated olivine and Cr-spinel compositions than the rest of the deposit. These differences can be explained by a more evolved parental magma for the IPGEdepleted ore zones. The eastward increase of PGE tenors in the rest of the deposit can be explained by upgrading of preexisting sulfide liquid in a subhorizontal conduit by a new surge of magma moving through the conduit from west to east, which took place before the formation of the IPGEdepleted ore zones. The Jinchuan ultramafic rocks are characterized by elevated initial 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios from 0.7077 to 0.7093, negative ε Nd values from −9.2 to −10.5, and zircon ε Hf values from −4 to −7. These data indicate up to 20 % of crustal contamination in the Jinchuan magma. Four of nine multiple sulfur isotope analyses for the Jinchuan deposit show anomalous Δ 33 S values varying from 0.12 to 2.67‰. These results, together with elevated δ 34 S values (>2‰) for some of the samples analyzed previously by other researchers, indicate the involvement of external sulfur from Archean and Proterozoic sedimentary rocks. Modeling results based on our olivine data and magma compositions estimated previously by other researchers indicate that fractional crystallization did not play a major role in triggering sulfide saturation in the Jinchuan magma and that the parental magma experienced previous sulfide segregation during ascent or in staging chambers.

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Section: Hf-sr-nd Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: The Role Of Fractional Crystallization In Sulfide Saturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple S isotopes, zircon Hf isotopes, whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopes, and spatial variations of PGE tenors in the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, NW China

Duan

Zhang

et al. 2015

Miner Deposita

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“…1b). The Segments III and I comprise coarse-grained sulfide-dunite and lherzolite in the Lower unit and fine-grained dunite, lherzolite to minor pyroxenite in the Upper unit (Chen et al, 2009a(Chen et al, , 2009b(Chen et al, , 2013Song et al, 2012). On the other hand, Segments II and IV are composed of medium-coarse grained sulfide-dunite and lherzolite (Sixth Geological Unit, 1984;Song et al, 2009).…”

Section: Geology Of the Jinchuan Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

A laser ablation ICP-MS study of platinum-group and chalcophile elements in base metal sulfide minerals of the Jinchuan Ni–Cu sulfide deposit, NW China

Chen

Song

Danyushevsky

et al. 2015

Ore Geology Reviews

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Genesis of the main types of sulphide ore in the Jinchuan Ni–Cu–PGE deposit, NW China: Constraints from texture and mineral chemistry of pyrrhotite

2018

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The Jinchuan Ni‐Cu‐PGE deposit is one of the three largest magmatic Ni deposits in the world. Disseminated, net‐textured, Cu‐rich sulphide ores and massive sulphide ores are the most important ore types. The genesis of different ore types and the mineralization processes of the Jinchuan deposit remain controversial. Three hypotheses have been proposed by previous studies, including the in situ sulphide segregation of sulphide‐bearing magma, deep segregation‐multiple injections, and hydrothermal superimposition. To understand the genesis of different ore types, we studied the occurrence, intergrowth textures, and mineral chemistry of pyrrhotite in four types of sulphide ore using magnetic colloid experiment and electron probe microanalysis. Pure hexagonal pyrrhotites (Hpo) in disseminated and net‐textured sulphide ores display higher M/S values, indicating a slow cooling process in a high‐temperature and low‐S magmatic system. Irregular intergrowth pyrrhotites occur in disseminated, net‐textured, and Cu‐rich sulphide ores. Dusty, stellate, and patchy monoclinic pyrrhotites (Mpo) occur along the fissures and grain boundaries of Hpo or the contact boundaries of silicate minerals, suggesting the interaction of Hpo and sulphur‐ and/or oxygen‐rich hydrothermal fluids. Monoclinic pyrrhotite occurs as roughly parallel lamellae in the matrix of Hpo and lacks of pyrite porphyroblasts in massive sulphide ores, indicating a rapid reduction of temperature in a high‐S magmatic system. The Cu‐rich sulphide ores are characterized by a relatively high proportion of chalcopyrite and comparatively high Pt and Pd (PPGE) and low Os, Ir, Ru (IPGE), and Rh concentrations, indicating a fractional crystallization of monosulphide solid solution from sulphide melts, and then the residual sulphide melts mineralized in a local place.

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Segregation and Fractionation of Magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE Sulfides in the Western Jinchuan Intrusion, Northwestern China: Insights from Platinum Group Element Geochemistry

Cited by 63 publications

References 54 publications

Multiple S isotopes, zircon Hf isotopes, whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopes, and spatial variations of PGE tenors in the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, NW China

Multiple S isotopes, zircon Hf isotopes, whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopes, and spatial variations of PGE tenors in the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, NW China

A laser ablation ICP-MS study of platinum-group and chalcophile elements in base metal sulfide minerals of the Jinchuan Ni–Cu sulfide deposit, NW China

Genesis of the main types of sulphide ore in the Jinchuan Ni–Cu–PGE deposit, NW China: Constraints from texture and mineral chemistry of pyrrhotite

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