Segmented polyurethanes with 4,4?-bis-(6-hydroxyhexoxy)biphenyl as chain extender. Part 2. Synthesis and properties of MDI-polyurethanes in comparison with 2,4-TDI-polyurethanes

Abstract

Linear segmented polyurethanes based on poly(butylene adipate)s (PBA) of different molecular weight (Mn 2000, 1000, and 600), 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and the mesogenic diol 4,4′‐bis‐(6‐hydroxyhexoxy)biphenyl (BHHBP) as well as the unsegmented polyurethane consisting of MDI/BHHBP units have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, 13C‐NMR and SEC. The thermal behavior and the morphology were studied by DSC, polarizing microscopy, and DMA. The properties of the MDI‐polyurethanes were discussed in relation to the BHHBP chain extended 2,4‐TDI‐polyurethanes and common 1,4‐butanediol chain‐extended MDI products. MDI polyurethanes based on PBA (Mn 2000) exhibit a glass transition temperature Tg of about −40°C independent of the hard segment content up to ∼50% hard segments. At higher hard segment contents increasing Tgs were observed. Polyurethanes, based on the shorter polyester soft segments PBA (Mn 1000 or 600), reveal an increase in the glass transition temperatures with growing hard segment content. The thermal transitions caused by melting of the MDI/BHHBP hard segment domains are found at 50 K higher temperatures in comparison with the analogous TDI products with mesogenic BHHBP/TDI hard segments. Shortening of the PBA chain length causes a shift of the thermal transitions to lower temperatures. Polarizing microscopy experiments indicate that liquid crystalline behavior is influenced by both the content of mesogenic hard segments and the chain length of the polyester. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

A Review of the Surface Modification of Cellulose and Nanocellulose Using Aliphatic and Aromatic Mono- and Di-Isocyanates

“…This, for sure, has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the materials of which they become a part [31]. For instance, the MDI-based polyurethane foams are more rigid than those made using TDI [32].…”

Preparation of Main-Chain Thermotropic Polyesters With Two Types of Mesogens Connected Alternatively by Aliphatic Spacers

“…Some structural modifications are thus applicable and conditioned by the effect of structural parameters, such as chemical nature of mesogens, [2,3] substituents on mesogens or spacers, [4,5] chemical nature of spacers, [6,7] spacer length, [8][9][10] linking group between the spacer and mesogen, [11] copolymer composition, [12] copolymer sequence, [13,14] and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. [15][16][17] The incorporation of flexible spacers into the main chain [18,19] and the chemical nature of mesogenic units are important to the properties of TLCPs. So far, the incorporation of flexible spacers in the mesogenic groups has been mostly realized by two ester linkages or ether linkages; [20][21][22] only a few reports utilize two different linkages.…”

Characterization of Castor Oil and Diphenyl Methane Diisocyanate-based Polyurethane-Polystyrene Interpenetrating Networks

“…A detailed study of the morphology of polyurethane-polystyrene IPNs was carried out by Song et al [22]. The synthesis and properties of diphenyl methane diisocyanate (MDI)-based polyurethanes were investigated by Mix et al [23]. Lee et al [20] studied the rheological changes during polymerization of polyurethane-polyester-based IPNs.…”