Seeing the invisible hand: Underlying effects of COVID-19 on tourists’ behavioral patterns

Li, Zhiyong; Zhang, Shan; Liu, Xinyi; Kozak, Metin; Wen, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100502

Cited by 139 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…In addition, the theory states that negative attitudes towards out-group members are grounded on realistic or symbolic threats, intergroup anxiety and negative stereotypes (Stephan et al, 1998). In this sense, in the aftermath of the pandemic, locals may see the exposure to the Covid-19 virus from the tourists as a realistic threat, in particular from those nationals from countries that are most strongly associated with the virus (Li et al, 2020).…”

Section: Risk Perceptions Related To Covid-19 From An Integrated Thrementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This theory was first proposed by Stephan et al (1998) in the field of social psychology, and has been used in the tourism context to explain the negative attitudes of the host community towards tourists when they are seen as a potential threat (Monterrubio, 2016), although it has not yet been applied to rationalize behaviour or intended behaviour of tourism hosts. This theory may be considered as relevant in the current context of the Covid-19 pandemic, as contact with tourists may be considered risky (Li et al, 2020). Additionally, the repeated association of the virus to China and the Chinese in certain media outlets (Goodwin, 2020;Wen, Wang et al, 2020) may affect the way that host communities will react to Chinese tourists after international travel is resumed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors affecting intended hospitable behaviour to tourists: hosting Chinese tourists in a post-Covid-19 world

et al. 2020

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Section: Risk Perceptions Related To Covid-19 From An Integrated Thrementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting intended hospitable behaviour to tourists: hosting Chinese tourists in a post-Covid-19 world

et al. 2020

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“…In the same way, individuals may have different conceptions about risk, even if we consider risk directly as the chance of injury, damage, or loss [ 45 ]. As for the concept of temporal distance, Li and colleagues [ 46 ] suggested that people answering the survey could be influenced by the immediate pandemic-related context and details. Furthermore, because COVID-19 is primarily transmitted through close contact, people are more sensitive to implement social distancing with strangers and tend to believe that their behavior is in accordance with municipal social distancing regulations [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insufficient social distancing may contribute to COVID-19 outbreak: The case of Ijuí city in Brazil

et al. 2021

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The coronavirus disease that emerged in 2019 (COVID-19) is highly contagious and has given way to a global pandemic. A present COVID-19 has high transmission rates worldwide, including in small Brazilian cities such as Ijuí. Located in the northwest part of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and with a population of 83,475, Ijuí was selected as the site of a population-based survey involving 2,222 subjects, from April to June 2020. Subjects were tested for the presence of antibodies against coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and answered questions regarding social distance adherence (SDA), daily preventive routines (DPR), comorbidities, and sociodemographic characteristics. In parallel, the local government registered the official COVID-19 cases in Ijuí, as well as the mobile social distancing index (MSDI). In this study, we demonstrate that there was a decrease in the levels of SDA, DPR and MSDI before the beginning of COVID-19 community transmission in Ijuí. Furthermore, we provide predictions for the number of COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths in the city. We conclude that insufficient social distancing, as evidenced by different methods, may be related to the rapid increase of COVID-19 cases in Ijuí. Our study predicts an approaching outbreak of COVID-19 in Ijuí through community spread, which could be avoided or attenuated with increased levels of social distancing among the population.

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“…Under this theme, on the one hand, many scholars have conducted surveys on tourists' current reactions to travel under COVID-19 and found that the negative impact of COVID-19 has significantly affected the health risks perceived by tourists (for example, [25,[28][29][30]). As a result, tourists' avoidance of travel during the health crisis is caused.…”

Section: Tourist Perception and Decision-makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tourists' willingness to return to the destination and willingness to pay; tourists' trust in the destination; tourists' attitude, risk perception, and crisis awareness [25,[28][29][30][31] The change in the values of tourists from COVID-19…”

Section: Angle Example Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of a Global Crisis on Areas and Topics of Tourism Research

Persson-Fischer

Liu

2021

Sustainability

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Tourism research has placed considerable emphasis on the pandemic and its impact, which is not surprising given the impact of the pandemic on tourism. However, what specifically do tourism scholars write about the pandemic and its consequences for tourism? What new insights does the literature on COVID-19 provide to guide our practice in sustainable tourism? The pandemic can be seen as a sustainability challenge. Dealing with the pandemic and other sustainability challenges like climate change will not require exactly the same remedies, but the same kind, building resilience, adaptivity, flexibility, collaboration, and co-creation. We thus argue that the literature on tourism and the pandemic may function as a “thermometer” of the way scholars view sustainability and tourism, and that exploring this literature gives us a space to reconsider our understanding of sustainable tourism. Therefore, we have conducted a literature review of the COVID-19 literature on tourism in 2020. A total of 87 articles, in 17 journals, from 4 databases were analyzed to explore how current scholars perceive COVID-19 and tourism, in light of sustainability perspectives. As a result, through the content analysis, this study has found six leading themes in COVID-19 and tourism and has provided valuable information with descriptive statistical analysis for its distributions by theory, methodology, and study area.

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Seeing the invisible hand: Underlying effects of COVID-19 on tourists’ behavioral patterns

Cited by 139 publications

References 126 publications

Factors affecting intended hospitable behaviour to tourists: hosting Chinese tourists in a post-Covid-19 world

Factors affecting intended hospitable behaviour to tourists: hosting Chinese tourists in a post-Covid-19 world

Insufficient social distancing may contribute to COVID-19 outbreak: The case of Ijuí city in Brazil

The Impact of a Global Crisis on Areas and Topics of Tourism Research

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